Objective To study the nuclear magnetic resonance image feature for involvement of paranasal sinuses in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods The MRI of 56 patients with NPC and paranasal sinuses infringed were evaluated between December 2003 and August 2004.Results Among them, 56(100%)showed breakage in the wall of paranasa sinuses, 29(51.8%)had thick mucous membrane in sinuses, 36(64.3%)showed tumour invasion sinuses, 55(98.2%)connected primary carcinoma with the lesion, and 14(25%)stored up fluid in sinuses.On MRI scan technique, the positive ratio of diagnoses were 66.1%, 76.8% and 98.2% respectively(P＜0.000)in the arial section, coronal section and sagittal section.And nearly 60% in the T1W1 and T2W1, but 100% in strengthen scan.Conclusions The finding of sinuses wall breakage;thick mucous membrane in sinuses;tumour invasion cavity connective mass, and same enhancement signal in MR image may indicate the paranasal sinuses involved by primary tumour.The sagittal section and enhanced MRI scan are helpful to diagnose.

Objective To investigate the expressions of APRIL and Reg Ⅳ in human ovarian tumors and their significances.Methods The expressions of APRIL and Reg Ⅳ in benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors were detected by immunohistochemistry and light microscopy.Results The expressions of APRIL and Reg Ⅳ were found in benign, borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors.The expressions of APRIL and Reg Ⅳ in ovarian carcinomas were significantly higher than those in benign and borderline ovarian tumors.The expression levels of APRIL and Reg Ⅳ were not correlated with lymph node metastasis, histology type and age.The Spearman correlation analysis suggested that the espression of APRIL and Reg Ⅳ was positively correlated.Conclusion APRIL and Reg Ⅳ may play important roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of ovarian carcinoma.Cell proliferation is closely linked with immune regulation and apoptosis pathway.

Objective To explore the relationship of the expressions of MDM2 and MMP-9 in osteosarcoma with the pathological parameters and prognosis of the tumor.Methods The expressions of MDM2 and MMP-9 were detected with immunohistochemical(S-P)method in specimens from 61 cases of osteosarcoma.The correlation between the expressions of MDM2, MMP-9 and pathological characteristic, metastasis and prognosis was analyzed statistically.While 20 cases of normal osseous tissue were used as negative control group.Results The positive rates of MDM2 and MMP-9 in osteosarcoma were higher than those in the normal osseous tissue respectively(P＜0.001).The expression of MDM2 and MMP-9 were not correlated to the sex, age and pathological grades of the osteosarcoma(P＞0.05), but correlated to tumor metastasis and prognosis(P＜0.05).The five-year survial rate in patients with positive expression of MDM2 and/or positive expression of MMP-9 was significantly lower than that in negative control group(P＜0.001).The patients with positive reaction for both MDM2 and MMP-9 had the lowest survival rate, the difference was significant(P＜0.001).Conclusion There is an intimate correlation between the overexpression of MDM2 and MMP-9 in osteosarcoma and it is useful parameter to evaluate prognosis of osteosarcoma.

Objective To explore expression of KAI1 gene and its relationship with micrometastases in removed axillary lymph nodes in stage I breast cancer patients.Methods Carcinoma tissuses and paraffin blocks of 840 surgically removed lymph nodes from 56 cases of stage I breast cancer with no lymph nodes involved by routine pathology were re-examined by immunohistochemical staining, using monoclonal anti-KAI1 and anti-EMA respectively.Results Micrometastases was observed in 12 of 56 patients examined(21.4%).The positive rate of KAI1 in breast cancer tissue was 32.1%(18/56).KAI1 expression rate was 75.0% in non-invasive group and 25.0% in invasive group respectively, with significant difference.The positive rate of KAI1 was 8.3% in the positive group of micrometastases and 38.6% in the negative group, with significant difference.Conclusion The low KAI1 expression was detected in the early stage of breast cancer with micrometastases and associated with invasive potential.KAI1 gene could be used as an index to evaluate the metastases of breast cancer at early stage.

Objective To study the treatment and prognosis of progressive small cell carcinoma of the cervix(SCCC).Methods 8 patients with progressive SCCC were treated from 1997 to 2005, their clinicopathologic data analyzed retrospectively.Their stages were ⅡB 2, ⅢA 1, ⅢB 3, ⅣA 1 and ⅣB 1.Radical cure or palliative therapy were adopted according to the pathogenetic condition of patients.Survival analysis was performed by using the Kaplan-Meier method.The statistical significance was determined by the log-rank test.Results The median FFS and OS were 20.9 month, 40.3 month respectively in 8 patients with progressive SCCC patients.Survival rates for 3 years and 5 years were 37.5% and 25%, respectively.The median OS were significantly longer in patients with earlier stage disease(P＜0.05).Conclusions FIGO staging is solitary prognostic factor for survival.Treatment mordality of concomitant chemoradiotherapy can improve prognosis.The aggressive salvage treatment was worthwhile, patients with local recurrence could be curative.

Objective To study the effect on Yi Qi Yang Yin Fang on reversing multidrug resistance of the human lung adenocarcinoma A₅₄₉DDP cell line.Methods Serum pharmacology was applied, the mechanism of Yi Qi Yang Yin Fang on reversing multidrug resistance was inquired by MTT or FCM.Results Yi Qi Yang Yin Fang can inhance the inhibition of DDP to A₅₄₉DDP line cell, and it shows significant synergies and efficiency;the combination of Yi Qi Yang Yin Fang and DDP can make cell cycle of the human lung adenocarcinoma A₅₄₉DDP line cell block, and induce apoptosis of the human lung adenocarcinoma A₅₄₉/DDP line cell.Conclusion Reversing apoptosis-resistance to chemotherapy drug of multidrug-resistance tumor line cell maybe one of the mechanism of Yi Qi Yang Yin Fang on reversing multidrug resistance.

Objective To study the feature of CT in renal pelvis transitional cell carcinoma and evaluate the diagnosis value in transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis with CT.Methods A report of 32 cases with transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvis proved by surgery and pathology.The examinations were performed with CT scan before the operation, finally, a sensitivity analysis was performed.Results In the 32 cases:15 cases, soft tissue was observed, the diameters were 1.5-4.0cm, in renal pelvis and calyx, the displacement or amputation of renal sinus fat line and thinning, with the clearance;8 cases, soft tissue was observed, the diameters were 4.1-9.0cm, in renal pelvis and calyx, involved the renal hilum, the disappearance of the renal sinus fat clearance;in 4 cases, invasive growing along the renal pelvis wall, abnormal thickening of the renal pelvis walls, from the renal hilum to upper end of ureter, the mild dilated and hydrops in the renal pelvis and calyx;in 5 cases, invasion of the renal essence and adjacent tissues, inhomogeneous tumor in density were formed, it was difficult to distinguish the renal pelvis, renal calyx and renal essene, the lymph node increased in renal hilum and retroperitonal.In the 32 cases:CT plain scan, CT Value33-50Hu, 25 cases isodense, 4 cases lightly high density, 3 cases slightly low density;21 cases even density, 11cases uneven density, 5cases hemorrhagic focus of tumor, 5 cases calcification of tumor, 3cases necrosis and cystic lesions of tumor.21 cases CT enhanced scan could reveal the light to moderate enhancement of the tumor, 13 cases were enhanced even slightly, 8 cases were enhanced uneven slightly of the tumor on cortex stage;there was no significant change in the parenchymal phase and renal pelvis phase compared with cortex stage in the contrast-enhanced.In the 32 cases:the 21 cases were determined and the 7 cases were suspected, the 2 cases were misdiagnosed and the 2 cases were normal.Conclusion the main sign was isodense in plain scan and enhanced scan of CT for transitional cells carcinoma of renal pelvis, CT has heigher diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy on finding and qualitation.

Objective Through analysis of the clinical characteristics of lung cancer with brain metastasis, we investigated the curative effect of comprehensive treatment and its prognostic factors.Methods Retrospective analysis of survival time and survival rate of 104 cases of lung cancer patients with brain metastases after different treatment from March 2001 to July 2006 in our hospital.Among the 104 patients, 9 cases were treated with surgery plus radiotherapy;51 patients were treated with radiotherapy alone;15 cases were treated with chemotherapy alone;26 cases were treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy and three cases were untreated.Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank was adopted to survival analysis of prognosis.Results Among the diagnosed patients, the most common case was adenocarcinoma, accounting for 45% followed by 25% of small cell lung cancer, and squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the other 30%, while the most common symptoms of brain metastasis is headache.After comprehensive treatment, symptoms of the nervous system alleviated or disappeared with the survival time prolonged by 2-8 months.The median survival time of the whole group is 7.2 months.Survival time of solitary extracranial metastasis was significantly longer than that of multiple metastasis accompanied by extracranial hematogenous metastasis(P＜0.01).Conclusion Brain metastases have poor prognosis.If given timely and reasonable treatment, symptoms of the nervous system can be alleviated, which will improve the quality of life.Currently, whole-brain radiotherapy is the main treatment, and the role of chemotherapy needed further study.

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis, clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis of endometrioid stromal sarcoma of the ovary.Methods One case of endometrioid stromal sarcoma of the ovary was studied with HE and immunohistochemical Envision staining.The related literatures were reviewed.Results The tumor’s histological and immunophenotype were similar to those of endometrial stromal sarcoma of the uterus.The tumor was composed of short spindle cells resembling those of proliferative endometrial stroma.Small vessels resembling endometrial spiral arteriole, which were surrounded by whirlpool-form tumor cells, were easily found.The tumor cells were positive for vimentin and CD10, and negative for Calretinin, α-inhibin, H-caldesmon, CD99, CD117, CD34, desmin, SMA and CK(AE1/AE3).Conclusion Endometrioid stromal sarcoma of the ovary is a clinically indolent malignant tumor which is extremely rare.Its main differential diagnosis should include invasion or metastasis of endometrial stromal sarcoma and thecofibroma.

Objective To observe the effect of Minor Bupleuri Decoction in the pathological changes of mice bearing Lewis lung cancer cells.Methods Inoculated the thirty-eight mice with Lewis lung cancer cells, after five days choosing successful tumor-bearing mice, then they were randomly divided into three groups:Model group(MG), Minor Bupleuri Decoction group(BG)and Shenyi Capsule group(SG), 10 mice in each group.Different doses of drug were given to four group:Normal sodium, Minor Bupleuri Decoction and Shenyi Capsule liquid at 0.4mL once a day by gastrogavage.To observe the tumor growing status, HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of tumorous tissue.Results (1)The BG & SG inhibited the growth of tumor, the weight of tumors were much lower than that of the MG, and there were significant differences compared with the MG(P＜0.01), but no difference between the BG & SG(P＞0.05).(2)Compared with the MG, there were some cell morphological changes of the BG & SG.Such as the volume of some tumor cells became small and the abnormal cells became less, the cell nuclei were tightening, the chromatin were condensed in margin, and the shape of splitting nuclei reduced obviously.Conclusion The Minor Bupleuri Decoction has effect on inhibiting the proliferation of Lewis lung cancer cells.

Objective To study the toxic effects and severity of ethaselen on beagle dogs.Methods The dosage of ethaselen, 600mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 67mg/kg were administered to three groups of beagle dogs separately.Control group was treated with solvent.The drug was given passes through the mouth for 12 successive weeks and 4 observing weeks.Then hematology, blood chemistry, electrocardiogram, urine, marrow, eyes, viscera dissecting, internal organs coefficient and histopathology were examined.Results After 12 weeks treatment, some dogs given high dosage of ethaselen showed symptoms of vomit, slight loss of feces colour, ALT and AST increase, glucose decline, the coefficient increase of liver, spleen and kidney and histopathology change of liver steatosis and adenomatoid prostate hypertrophy.All the changes basically disappeared after the drug withdrawal.Conclusions With equivalent to 42 times of clinic dosage of ethaselen, beagle dogs showed lightly symptoms such as alimentary tract stimulation, abnormal liver function, glucose level decline, the enlargement of liver, spleen and kidney, liver steatosis and adenomatoid prostate hypertrophy.There were toxic effects on alimentary tract, especially on liver.There were no apparently toxic effects to the beagle dogs at the dosage of 67mg/kg

Objective To evaluate time of digestive tract reconstruction and quality of life(QOL)of patients receiving different alimentary reconstruction following total gastrectomy.Methods Clinical data of 218 total gastrectomy patients receiving 2 different alimentary reconstruction were analyzed retrospectively.Reconstruction procedures included respectively PR(n=96)and FJI(n=44).Body weight, eating capacity and QOL assessment by gastrointestinal symptom rating scale(GSRS)and nutritional parameters were respectively evaluated at 12 months after surgery.Results QOL in patients with FJI reconstruction procedures were better than that of PR reconstruction at 12 months after surgery, especially on eating capacity and GSPS scores(P＜0.05).At 12 months after surgery, body weight recovery of FJI group was significantly superior to that of the PR group.Conclusions Compared with PR, FJI reconstruction procedures provided better QOL for patients with total gastrectomy, especially in daily food intake and body weight recovery.

Objective To investigate long-term efficacy on the arterial chemotherapy and operation for invasive bladder cancer.Methods The 63 patients with invasive bladder cancer were divided into two groups were treated by partial cystectomy.30 patients among the total ones were arterial chemotherapy, they were treated with arterial chemotherapy on preoperative two weeks and postoperative two weeks.The other 33 patients in control group received no any arterial chemotherapy.All 63 cases were followed up five years after operation, in order to observe postoperative recurrence, the middle live time and compare survival rate between the two groups.Moreover, we observed the focus changes during the period of arterial chemotherapy and toxical-side effects about these drugs.Results The middle live time of arterial chemotherapy patients were 58 months, much longer than that of control group, the later was only 32 months.The survival rate in arterial chemotherapy group was higher than that in control group.Log-rank test was proved P＜0.01, which indicated significantly in statistics.We also found that the remission rate of the focus was 46.67 percent, the toxical-side effects were only 0-Ⅰdegree.Conclusions The recurrence rate could be obviously depressed and the survival rate could be increased in patients treated by partial cystectomy with invasive bladder cancer through preoperative and postoperative arterial chemotherapy, the part focus of infection could be relieved before operation.Furthermore, all cases could tolerate the toxical-side effects of the drugs.Therefore, arterial chemotherapy and operation for invasive bladder cancer is a potential way and deserves to spread clinically, especially with invasive bladder cancer.

Objective To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in atypical metastatic liver tumors.Methods Fivty-nine patients with atypical metastatic liver tumors were studied both by conventional techniques and CEUS.The enhancement of echogenicity was evaluated.The diagnosis obtained by means of surgical biopsy.Results After CEUS, the number of flow lesions was significantly more than before CEUS(P＜0.05).The enhancement types of metastatic liver tumors were various, scarcing specificity compared with pathologic cell types of the primary tumors.The true diagnosis in CEUS and conventional ultrasound were 83% and 37% retrospectively.The increase in correct diagnosis was significiant(P＜0.05)when conventional ultrasound was tested against CEUS.The size and number of the lesions increased on CEUS compared with conventional ultrasound.Conclusions CEUS plays an important role in dignosis of atypical metastatic liver tumors.