Microfacies and sedimentary models of gravelly braided-river alluvial fan: A case study of modern Baiyanghe-river alluvial fan in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin
Liu Da-Wei1, 2, 3, Ji You-Liang1, Gao Chong-Long1, Jin Jun4, Yang Zhao4, Duan Xiao-Bing1, Huan Zhi-Jun1, Luo Ni-Na1
1 College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249; 2 Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100029; 3 Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100029; 4 Petro-China Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Research Institute of Experiment and Detection,Karamay 834000,Xinjiang;
Abstract：Alluvial fan coarse-grained reservoirs are characterized by fast facies change and poor continuity,which shows the complexity of the depositional environments. In this study,a modern Baiyanghe-river alluvial fan is located at the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin,and it is studied to explore the complex sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary model of alluvial fan,by using abundant outcrop data,hydrological data and alluvial fan publications. According to the depositional mechanism,the Baiyanghe-river alluvial fan belongs to a braided river alluvial fan,with a large scale of fan area(~327.6 km2),gentle slope(4‰~7‰),abundant coarse-grained sediments and little flooding fine-grained sediments. Sixteen lithofacies are recognized in the Baiyanghe-river alluvial fan. According to the hydrodynamic differences,the forming mechanism of lithofacies are classified into five genetic types,which are debris flow,high-flow traction current,low-flow traction current,hydrostatic deposition and aeolian deposition. The constructional process of the Baiyanghe-river alluvial fan can be divided into two periods,flood period and inter-flood period. During the flood period,deposition plays a major role. From proximal to distal part of alluvial fan,six types of microfacies can be recognized,followed as feeder-channel and sheetflood deposition in proximal part,sheetflood and braided-stream deposition in intermediate part,channel and wetland deposition in distal part. However,during the inter-flood period,reworking is the major process. Three microfacies are developed form proximal part to distal part,including main-channel deposition in proximal part,braided-trench deposition in intermediate,and wetland deposition in distal. Each microfacies is in transitional contact,without obvious interface. Sedimentary models of gravelly braided-river alluvial fan were finally established based on the data of Baiyanghe-river alluvial fan.
Liu Da-Wei,Ji You-Liang,Gao Chong-Long et al. Microfacies and sedimentary models of gravelly braided-river alluvial fan: A case study of modern Baiyanghe-river alluvial fan in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J]. JOPC, 2018, 20(3): 435-452.
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