多发性骨髓瘤生物标志物研究进展

doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2023.01.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多发性骨髓瘤(Multiple myeloma,MM)是一种克隆性浆细胞异常增殖的恶性疾病,在大多数国家是第二位常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤,其发病率约占全部恶性肿瘤的1%,约占血液系统恶性肿瘤的10%,在癌症相关死亡中占0.9%。目前临床上的分期和预后评估系统主要包括国际分期系统(ISS)、修订的国际分期系统(R-ISS)、mSMART分期以及国际骨髓瘤工作组(IMWG)分层标准,主要基于肿瘤生物学、肿瘤负荷和患者特征,而没有考虑免疫及微环境相关的因素,原因之一是缺乏易于获取的生物标志物。近几年,随着液体活检、分子生物学和细胞遗传学等新技术的发展,发现了许多MM相关的新型生物标志物,为MM早期诊断和预后评估提供了新方法。在这篇综述中,将从免疫因素、骨髓微环境、细胞遗传学及液体活检等几个方面论述MM生物标志物的研究进展。

关键词: 多发性骨髓瘤, 生物标志物, 微环境, 细胞遗传学, 液体活检

Abstract: Multiple myeloma(MM)is a malignant disease with abnormal proliferation of clonal plasma cells.It is the second most common hematological malignancy in most countries,with an incidence about 1% of all malignancies,about 10% of hematological malignancies,and 0.9% in cancer-related deaths.The current clinical staging and prognostic assessment system mainly includes the International Staging System(ISS),the revised International Staging System(R-ISS),the mSMART staging system,and the International Myeloma Working Group(IMWG)stratification criteria,based mainly on tumor biology,tumor burden,and patient characteristics,without considering the immune and microenvironment-related factors,one reason is the lack of readily accessible biomarkers.In recent years,with the development of new techniques,such as liquid biopsy,molecular biology,and cytogenetics,many novel biomarkers associated with MM were identified,providing new methods for the early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of MM.In this review,the progress of MM biomarkers will be discussed from several aspects of immune factors,bone marrow microenvironment,cytogenetics,and liquid biopsy.

Key words: Multiple myeloma, Biomarkers, Microenvironment, Genetics, Liquid biopsy

中图分类号:

R733.3

鲁姣阳, 常进. 多发性骨髓瘤生物标志物研究进展[J]. 实用肿瘤学杂志, 2023, 37(1): 87-91.

LU Jiaoyang, CHANG Jin. Research progress in biomarkers for multiple myeloma[J]. Journal of Practical Oncology, 2023, 37(1): 87-91.

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