Abstract: Objective To investigate the feasibility of high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)and injection of ethanol under ultrasound-guided in the treatment of uterine fibroids.Methods Forty typical patients with uterine fibroids accepted HIFU and injection of ethanol under ultrasound-guided treatment.The image changes of color Doppler ultrasound, ultrasonic contrast and enhanced MRI were evaluated.1 and 6 months after treatment, ultrasonic contrast and symptoms were recorded to evaluate the curative effect in follow-up process.Results After HIFU and injection of ethanol under ultrasound-guided treatment, the image of color Doppler ultrasound, ultrasonic contrast and enhanced MRI showed that there was not any blood flow in the uterine fibroids.The differences of the fibroid volumes between one month after treatment and before treatment, six months after treatment and before treatment, and one month after treatment and six months after treatment was statistically significant, respectively(P＜0.01).In addation, the volumes of fibroids reduced obviously(P＜0.01).Most patients felt menstrual volume decreased, and cycle became regular with an obvious remission of stomachache and frequent micturition.None of them had serious complications.Conclusion HIFU and injection of ethanol under ultrasound-guided treatment is feasible and effective to treat uterine fibroids.