2019—2023年宁波市城市居民结直肠癌筛查结果分析

doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2025.04.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2019—2023年宁波市城市居民结直肠癌筛查结果,为优化结直肠癌筛查策略提供参考依据。方法选取2019—2023年宁波市海曙区、江北区、鄞州区、北仑区、镇海区、奉化区45~74岁常住居民为筛查对象,填写防癌风险评估问卷,进行便潜血检测,按照国家城市癌症早诊早治项目组制定的统一标准进行风险评估,高风险对象接受结肠镜检查,分析结直肠癌高风险率、结肠镜检查依从率和病变检出率。结果 2019—2023年共完成结直肠癌风险评估60 268人,评出高风险18 607人,高风险率为30.87%,男性高风险率(54.91%)高于女性(16.24%)(P＜0.05)。完成结肠镜检查4 370人,依从率为23.49%,女性依从率(24.60%)高于男性(22.95%)(P＜0.05)。检出结直肠癌14例、癌前病变161例及其他良性病变695例,检出率分别为0.32%、3.68%和15.90%,男性癌前病变检出率(4.24%)高于女性(2.61%)(P＜0.05)。随着年龄增长,结直肠癌高风险率、结直肠癌检出率、癌前病变检出率及其他良性病变检出率呈上升趋势,结肠镜检查依从率呈下降趋势(P＜0.05)。结论建立以男性和高龄人群为重点的“风险评估-结肠镜检查”二级筛查机制,结合移动宣教平台和诊疗绿色通道,提升结直肠癌筛查效果。

关键词: 结直肠癌, 风险评估, 筛查, 癌症早诊早治

Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the screening results of colorectal cancer among urban residents in Ningbo City from 2019 to 2023,and provide reference for optimizing colorectal cancer screening strategies. Methods From 2019 to 2023,permanent residents aged 45 to 74 in Haishu district,Jiangbei district,Yinzhou district,Beilun district,Zhenhai district,and Fenghua district of Ningbo City were selected as screening subjects.They filled out a cancer risk assessment questionnaire and underwent fecal occult blood testing.Risk assessment was conducted according to the unified standards formulated by the National Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project Group.High risk subjects underwent colonoscopy examination,and the high-risk rate,colonoscopy compliance rate,and lesion detection rate of colorectal cancer were analyzed. Results From 2019 to 2023,a total of 60,268 individuals were assessed for colorectal cancer risk,with 18,607 identified as high-risk,resulting in a high-risk rate of 30.87%.The high-risk rate for males(54.91%)was higher than that for females(16.24%)(P＜0.05).A total of 4,370 people completed colonoscopy examination,with a compliance rate of 23.49%.The compliance rate of females(24.60%)was higher than that of males(22.95%)(P＜0.05).14 cases of colorectal cancer,161 cases of precancerous lesions,and 695 cases of other benign lesions were detected,with detection rates of 0.32%,3.68%,and 15.90%,respectively.The detection rate of precancerous lesions in males(4.24%)was higher than that in females(2.61%)(P＜0.05).As age increased,the high-risk rate of colorectal cancer,the detection rate of colorectal cancer,the detection rate of precancerous lesions,and the detection rate of other benign lesions showed an upward trend,while the compliance rate of colonoscopy showed a downward trend(P＜0.05). Conclusion Establishing a secondary screening mechanism of "risk assessment-colonoscopy" with a focus on males and the elderly populations,combined with mobile education platforms and green channels for diagnosis and treatment,can improve the screening effectiveness of colorectal cancer.

Key words: Colorectal cancer, Risk assessment, Screening, Early diagnosis and treatment of cancer

中图分类号:

R735.3

高宇萌, 李凯, 刘珊一. 2019—2023年宁波市城市居民结直肠癌筛查结果分析[J]. 实用肿瘤学杂志, 2025, 39(4): 301-305.

GAO Yumeng, LI Kai, LIU Shanyi. Analysis of colorectal cancer screening results for urban residents in Ningbo City from 2019 to 2023[J]. Journal of Practical Oncology, 2025, 39(4): 301-305.

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