Abstract: Triple negative breast cancer is a special subtype of breast cancer,including basal-like breast cancer and unclassified breast cancer.Since it was defined in 2005,the differences from other subtypes in biological characteristics and poor prognosis of TNBC have became priorities and hotspots which are researched by epidemiologists,pathologists and clinicians.According to the research,the risk factors of TNBC include race,obesity,age,women's reproductive process,oral contraceptive use,physical activity,abortion history,family history,socio-economic factors and so on.This review focuses on race,obesity,age,women's reproductive process,oral contraceptive use,according to the latest research results of risk factors of TNBC,helping healthy people get a better understanding of TNBC and preventing the incidence of TNBC,suggesting clinicians combine the biological characteristics and epidemiological features and further instructing people to take precautions.This paper also provides theoretical basis for researcher on the further investigaticans of the etiology of TNBC.