Abstract: Second primary malignancies are more likely to occur in the multiple myeloma patients.Most of them are Acute myeloid leukemia(AML)or Myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS).The incidence in male or those multiple myeloma patients who is less than 60 years old are more than female or those multiple myeloma patients who are bigger than 60 years old.In recent years,studies of multiple myeloma secondary to leukemia and other tumors are gradually increasing,but the mechanism and treatment are still unclear.These diseases have the following characteristics such as progress rapidly,high mortality rate and low complete remission rate after chemotherapy.

Key words: Multiple myeloma, Acute myeloid leukemia, Second primary malignancies