Abstract: Objective To study the incidence,clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of primary pulmonary lymphoma(PPL).Methods The clinical data of PPL patients treated in our hospital from January 1995 to January 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Results 15 patients were diagnosed with PPL,accounted for 0.6% during the same period(15/2537).The advanced stage(stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ)patients accounted for 20%(3 cases).The 1-year overall survival and 5-year overall survival were 80.0% and 46.7% respectively.Surgical operation and chemotherapy were the major effective therapeutic approach for the treatment of PPL.Prognosis was favorable in patients with early stage of the tumor.Conclusion PPL is clinically rare and absence of typical clinicopathological characteristics,so its preoperatively exact diagnosis is difficult.Some specific imaging findings are helpful in the diagnosis of PPL.Final diagnosis of PPL could be made when a CT guided biopsy was done,followed by pathological examination with immunohistological study,or study of the tumor after surgery.The prognosis of patients received surgical operation is relatively better.