Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the incidence and mortality of female breast cancer in cancer registration areas of Gansu province in 2019 and the change trend of female breast cancer incidence and mortality from 2010 to 2019,so as to provide data support for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Methods The incidence and mortality data of breast cancer and related demographic data in all cancer registration areas in Gansu province from 2010 to 2019 were collected.The incidence,mortality,age-standardized incidence by Chinese standard population(ASIRC),age-standardized mortality by Chinese standard population(ASMRC),age-standardized incidence by World standard population(ASIRW)and age-standardized mortality by World standard population(ASMRW),cumulative incidence and other key indicators of female breast cancer in each cancer registration area were calculated according to urban and rural distribution and age groups.Joinpoint linear regression was used to analyze the annual change trend of incidence and mortality of female breast cancer in cancer registration areas in Gansu province from 2010 to 2019. Results In 2019,the number of new cases from female breast cancer in the cancer registration areas of Gansu province was 1,502 cases,accounting for 13.14% of all new malignant tumors in women.The incidence was 33.00/100,000,ASIRC and ASIRW were 23.83/100,000 and 23.81/100,000,respectively,and a cumulative rate of 0-74 years old was 2.34%.The incidence of breast cancer in urban and rural areas was 22.25/100,000 and 26.59/100,000,respectively.In 2019,the number of female breast cancer deaths in the cancer registration areas of Gansu province was 254,accounting for 5.61% of all female malignant tumor deaths.The crude mortality was 5.58/100,000,ASMRC and ASMRW were 3.70/100,000 and 3.90/100,000,respectively.The cumulative rate of 0-74 years old was 0.39%.The ASMRC of breast cancer in urban and rural areas was 3.63/100,000 and 3.79/100,000,respectively.The annual change trend in the ASIRC of female breast cancer in the province from 2010 to 2019 was not statistically significant(APC=-0.35%,P=0.81),while ASMRC decreased by an average of 9.85% per year(APC=-9.85%,P=0.03). Conclusion Breast cancer is a high incidence malignant tumor that threatens the physical and mental health of female residents in Gansu province,and it is a kind of cancer that women focus on.We should actively screen the risk group of women.

Objective The study aimed to explore the main forms of double minute chromosomes(DMs)in the cell cycle of colorectal cancer at different phases,and to clarify the replication and separation phases of DMs. Methods After using serum-free starvation to block the progression of cell cycle in colorectal cancer COLO 320DM cells,Calyculin-A was used to induce interphase cells to prepare karyotype samples through advanced chromatin condensation.COLO 320DM cells were treated with colchicine to obtain mitosis(M)phase cells for karyotype analysis.The karyotypes of cells at the early stage of DNA synthesis(G1 phase),the late stage of DNA synthesis(G2 phase),metaphase(M-mid),anaphase(M-late),and telophase(M-ter)of mitosis were observed and photographed under a regular optical microscope,and counted the number of DMs. Results DMs mainly existed in monotypic form at the G1 phase,M-late phase and M-ter phase of cells.In the G2 and M-mid phases of cells,DMs mainly existed in a diploid form. Conclusion Monomeric DMs undergo replication in the S phase and transform from monomers to diploids,while diploid DMs in the M-late phase complete separation and transition from diploids to monomers.

Objective The objective of this study was to explore the values of hsa-let-7b-5p in the clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). Methods Thirteen pairs of NSCLC tissues and their adjacent tissues with the same pathological type in Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from September to October 2020 were collected,and differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained by RNA-Seq,and the expression of candidate miRNAs were verified in NSCLC tissues and cells through qRT-PCR.The effects of miRNAs on the proliferation,migration and invasion ability of NSCLC were verified by CCK-8 assay,clone formation assay,scratch assay and Transwell assay.Target genes were predicted using MiRDB,TarBase and ENCORI databases,and gene enrichment analysis was performed using FunRich tool. Results Compared with adjacent tissues and human bronchial epithelial cells(HBE),hsa-let-7b-5p was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines(A549 cells,H1299 cells,H358 cells and H460 cells)(P＜0.05).The high expression of hsa-let-7b-5p inhibited the proliferation,migration and invasion ability of NSCLC(P＜0.01).The results of target genes and enrichment analysis showed that among 378 target genes and related genes of hsa-let-7b-5p,147 genes were negatively correlated with the expression of hsa-let-7b-5p(P＜0.05). Conclusion Hsa-let-7b-5p has inhibitory effects on the proliferation,migration and invasion of NSCLC.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of morusin on the migration and invasion of human glioblastoma U87 cells,and to explore its mechanism of action. Methods The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)was used to detect the effect of morusin on proliferation of U87 cells.Wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to detect the effects of morusin on migration and invasion of U87 cells.Western blot was employed to detect the effect of morusin on the expressions of MMP-2 and Vimentin in U87 cells. Results The results of CCK-8 assay showed that morusin (1,2,4,and 6 μg/mL)could significantly inhibit the proliferation of U87 cells compared to the 0 μg/mL morusin (P＜0.001).The results of wound-healing assay showed that the migration rates of morusin-treated groups (2,4,and 6 μg/mL)were (20.597±1.225)%,(14.734±1.528)% and (7.811±1.496)%,respectively,which were significant lower than that in the 0 μg/mL group (40.566±3.284)% (P＜0.001).The results of Transwell assay showed that the invasion number of U87 cells treated with morusin at the concentrations of 2,4,and 6 μg/mL was 85.000±6.557,41.000±6.245,and 13.333±3.215,respectively,which were significant lower than that in the 0 μg/mL group (116.667±14.572) (P＜0.001).The results of Western blot showed that the expression of Vimentin in U87 cells increased gradually accompanying with the increase of morusin concentrations,while the expression of MMP-2 decreased gradually accompanying with the increase of morusin concentrations (P＜0.001). Conclusion Morusin can effectively inhibit the migration and invasion ability of U87 cells,and its effect is positively correlated with the concentration of morusin within a certain range.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between the methylation status of microRNA let-7a-3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)and the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-Ⅱ). Methods The methylation specific PCR (qMSP)was used to detect the methylation status of let-7a-3 in 83 cases of esophageal cancer and corresponding adjacent normal tissues.The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was used to detect the expression of IGF-II in plasma. Results The degree of let-7a-3 methylation in cancer tissues of 83 patients with ESCC was significantly higher than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer (P＜0.001).The expression of IGF-Ⅱ in the plasma of 83 patients with ESCC was positively correlated with the methylation degree of let-7a-3,which was statistically significant (r=0.600,P＜0.001). Conclusion microRNA let-7a-3 may participate in the occurrence and progression of ESCC by regulating the methylation of downstream molecules,which is of great significance for understanding the mechanisms of ESCC development and providing a basis for the diagnosis and prognosis of ESCC.

Objective The MMV-Net,a deep learning framework based on mammogram multiple views,was constructed to evaluate the classification performance of the model for benign and malignant masses. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on a dataset of 1 585 breast X-ray images from Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from 2018 to 2020,including 806 benign cases and 779 malignant cases.The dataset was divided into the training set(n=1 268)and the test set(n=317)according to an 8∶2 ratios,and the training set was stratified according to the 5-fold cross validation.The integrated DDSM dataset and INBreast dataset were used as external test sets(n=1 645)to evaluate the model performance.Each case in the input layer contained 4 views.The MMV-Net model was constructed by removing the last two layers of the ResNet22 network structure and adding an average pooling layer as the feature extraction layer,as well as fully connection layer and softmax activation function as the decision layers.Bayesian hyperparameter optimization was used.The performance of MMV-Net,MFA Net,and ensemble inception V4 models in AUC values,accuracy,precision,recall and F1 scores were compared. Results The AUC values of MMV-Net model for distinguishing benign and malignant masses on the test set were 0.913,0.882 for MFA-Net,and 0.865 for inception V4.The accuracy and precision evaluation metrics of the MMV-Net model were also higher than the other two models. Conclusion The deep learning MMV-Net model based on multiple views of mammogram is helpful for the classification of benign and malignant breast masses.

Objective This study aimed to use platinum resistance-related (PRR) genes to classify ovarian cancer (OV) patients and establish a prognostic risk model,in order to provide reference for individualized clinical treatment and related mechanism research of OV patients. Methods The univariate Cox regression was used to screen PRR genes with prognostic value,unsupervised consensus clustering was used for subtyping,and the prognostic differences were compared between subtypes.LASSO regression analysis was used to further screen prognosis related PRR genes and construct platinum resistance related gene scores (PRR-GS),combined with clinical information,constructed a prognostic risk model for OV patients,and validated it. Results Univariate Cox regression analysis identified 68 platinum resistance related genes that were associated with patient prognosis.Unsupervised consensus clustering identified 2 subtypes of OV,with C1 group patients having a better prognosis.Twelve genes were used to construct prognostic markers for PRR genes score,and the area under the ROC curves at 1,3,and 5 years were all above 0.700.Age,stage,and PRR-GS were independent factors affecting prognosis in multivariate Cox regression analysis.The model′s C-index was 0.719,and the areas under the ROC curves for 1-year,3-year,and 5-year overall survival rates were 0.774,0.758,and 0.768,respectively.The calibration curve and decision curve analysis showed that the model had good predictive performance. Conclusion Two subtypes of OV patients were identified,each with differences in immune microenvironment,prognosis,and other aspects.The platinum resistance gene prognostic score is an independent risk factor,and when combined with clinical variables,it can effectively predict patient survival outcomes.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of self-made oral humidity detection device to assist in evaluating the degree of parotid gland damage in radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma,so as to guide doctors to change the radiotherapy plan in time,reduce the radiation dose to parotid gland,and reduce the incidence of xerostomia after radiotherapy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the relationship between oral humidity and parotid gland dose of radiotherapy in 60 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma using oral detection devices in the Department of Oncology of Southwest Medical University Affiliated Hospital from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022.According to the method of changing the radiotherapy plan,patients were divided into experimental group(n=30)and control group(n=30).The patients in the experimental group used a self-made oral humidity detection device to detect oral humidity,when 30 patients with oral relative humidity below 65% underwent CT simulation positioning and changed the radiotherapy plan to reduce the dose of parotid gland;The control group patients collected oral humidity but did not interfere in the radiotherapy plan,and only underwent CT positioning during the mid-term radiotherapy.The average oral humidity,parotid gland,and target area dose parameters of patients were analyzed after radiotherapy.The follow-up questionnaire was conducted to evaluate the life quality of patients in terms of dry mouth,decreased taste,difficulty opening mouth,and dental caries in two groups. Results The average oral humidity(t=2.938,P＜0.05),the D_mean of average dose of bilateral parotid glands(t_left=-2.076,t_right=-2.094,P＜0.05),the D₅₀ for dose of 50% volume of bilateral parotid glands(t_left=-2.123,t_right=-2.230,P＜0.05),and the volume percentage V₃₀ of bilateral parotid gland dose(t_left=-2.505,t_right=-2.491,P＜0.05)in patients were significantly reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group,while there was no statistically significant differences in target area dosimetric parameters(P＞0.05).The dry mouth and taste loss in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group(P＜0.05),and the difficulty in opening the mouth and caries scores were lower than those of the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05). Conclusion The oral humidity detection device can detect the oral humidity of radiotherapy patients in time,objectively evaluate the impact of radiation on patient's parotid gland,guide doctors to change the radiotherapy treatment plan in a timely manner,minimize the degree of parotid gland damage,and improve their quality of life in nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy patients.At the same time,the device is easy to operate,time-consuming,and non-invasive,which improves the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy technology and is worth promoting this device.

China is the rank 1st of gastric cancer in the world,and the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer rank the 3rd among various malignant tumors in China.It has been found that tumor cells have their own energy metabolism characteristics.Even in the presence of sufficient oxygen,tumor cells are more inclined to use glycolysis to produce energy,also known as “aerobic glycolysis”.Aerobic glycolysis can lead to an increase in lactate,promoting the acceleration of tumor cell proliferation and invasiveness,and the key enzyme driving this phenomenon is lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).LDH levels are significantly elevated in patients with gastric cancer,and LDH can contribute to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer in many ways.This article will discuss the role of LDH in tumor glycolysis,which is correlated with gastric cancer as well as its clinical application value.It will also discuss the research progress of LDH in targeted therapy for gastric cancer.

In recent years,the generation,maintenance and regulation of the intestinal mucosal barrier have become a research focus in the occurrence,development,treatment,and prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and colitis associated colorectal cancer(CAC).Tight junction(TJ)proteins are an important component of the intestinal mucosal barrier,which the Claudin family proteins have become a research hotspot.This review mainly introduces the changes of Claudin protein in IBD and CAC,as well as the latest research progress on its role in the occurrence,development and clinical treatment of IBD and CAC.