Objective To investigate the effects of cranberry and tomato extraction on tumor proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis in breast cancer animal model.Methods The nude mice bearing MCF-7 breast caner cell were set up and divided into several groups.They received cranberry extraction, tomato extraction and cranberry and tomato extraction by gavage respectively.Tumor cell proliferation was detected by bromouracil deoxyriboside labeling(BrdU), cell apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL), and tumor microvascular density immunohistochemical method(CD34 antibody).Results The tumor proliferative index and microvascular density were decreased in cranberry group, tomato group and cranberry and tomato group compared with control, and the apoptotic index increased in cranberry and tomato group.The difference was statistically significant.Conclusion The cranberry and tomato extraction can inhibit tumor proliferation, promote apoptosis and decrease angiogenesis in breast cancer.The synergy of different agents helps to enhance the antitumor effects, and it has potential value for application in cancer treatment.

Objective To investigate the relationship of the expressions of protein cPLA₂ and ERK2 in the occurrence, development and prognosis of breast carcinoma.Methods The expressions of protein cPLA₂ and ERK2 in 48 breast cancer cases, 21 breast adenosis tissue cases and 21 breast fibroadenoma cases by SP immunohistochemical method.Results The expression of cPLA₂ in breast cancer tissue is apparently higher than that in breast adenosis tissue and breast fibroadenoma, and the differences are remarkably significant(P＜0.05).After statistical analysis, it is found that the cPLA₂ expression has positive relationship with TNM stage(P＜0.05);The expression of cPLA₂ protein levels increased remarkably in lymph node metastasis groups in comparison to no lymph node metastasis groups, and the differences are remarkably significant(P＜0.05);The greater the diameter of the tumor, the higher the positive rate of cPLA₂ expression, and the differences are remarkably significant(P＜0.05);Conclusion ERK2 promote the occurrence and development of breast cancer by increasing the cPLA₂ expression.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect and toxicity of combined gemcitabine with Xiaoaiping injection for the initial treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods 76 cases of advanced NSCLC patients(Ⅲ B-Ⅳ period)were divided into combined group of Xiaoaiping injection and GP regimen(test group)or GP group(control group).All the patients had accepted GP regimen or Xiaoaiping injection with GP regimen at least 2 cycles.A clinical observation on short term effectiveness, adverse effects and the 1-, 2-year survival rate were carried out in two groups.Results The short term effective rate for advanced NSCLC in GP group and combined group of Xiaoaiping injection and GP regimen was 52.63%and 47.36%, respectively.The median survival time was 8.9 months and 8.7 months, respectively.1-year survival rate was 45.2%and 43.5%, respectively.2-year survival rate was 22.9%and 23.4%, respectively.The short term effectiveness and the 1-, 2-year survival rate in two groups had no statistically significant difference(P＞0.05).The life quality of patients in test group is superior to the patients in control group(P＜0.05).In the adverse effects of treatment, the major cytotoxicity was tolerable.Conclusion Combined gemcitabine with Xiaoaiping injection can improve the curative effect and lower toxicity of advanced non-small cell lung cancer and the patients life quality, as well as enhancing the immune function.

To analyze the CT findings of cystic lesions of pancreas.Methods CT findings of 22 patients with pathologically-proved pancreatic cystic lesions were analyzed retrospectively.Results In 12 cases with pseudocyst which showed watery density in plain CT scanning and mild enhancement in capsule wall and without septa in the cysts.Four pancreatic abscess demonstrated round-like shape and hyperattenuation in density and marked ring-form enhancement after contrast injection.Other sign including little bubbles in some lesions.Four cases were cystadenoma of pancreas manifested round-like in shape with watery or muscle density and irregular nodular or capsule wall enhancement after contrast injection, the thickness of capsule wall less than 2mm.Two cystadenocarcinomas manifested cyst with wall nodule, internal septa and watery density in plain scans, the wall nodule and septa enhanced irregularly in the postcontrast images and the wall of cyst larger than 2mm, one case of which metastased in liver and retroperitoneal lymph node.Conclusion Pancreatic cystic lesions have its individual features in CT scans but with similar manifests sometimes, combining patients' medical history and follow up CT scanning are helpful in improving CT diagnostic accuracy.

Objective To detect the clinical characteristics, treatment Results and prognosis factors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)with liver metastasis.Method We had collected 148 patients who were diagnosed as NPC and were detected as liver metastasis.Their clinical characteristics, treatment efficacy and prognosis factors were analyzed retrospectively by using SPSS 13.0 statistic software.Result To all patients, the median disease-free survival(DFS)was 8.5 months(range:0-247 months), the median survival after detected as liver metastasis was 7 months(range:1-76 months), 1, 2, 3 years survival rate was 24.3%, 6.6% and 2.6% respectively.There were distinguished statistic difference in survival among the untreated group, chemotherapy group and chemo-radiotherapy group(P=0.000), the median survival of them was 3, 8 and 18.5 months respectively.The death risk for patients who had got more than 4 cycles chemotherapy decreased 63% and 31% respectively, compared to untreated patients and those got less than 4 cycles chemotherapy.Multivariate analysis showed age, DFS, metastasis in initial diagnosis, liver metastasis lesions number, treatment were the important prognosis factors.Conclusion The prognosis of NPC with liver metastasis was very poor.This kind of patient should take individualized treatment.Multiply cycles of chemotherapy(more than 4 cycles)or chemo combined radiation therapy might be benefit for patients who were younger than 60, with normal liver function and without ascites.

Objective Evaluate the early response and toxicity of concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Methods Eighty unresectable stage III_a-III_b NSCLC patients pathologically proved were randomly divided into 2 groups.Group A:patients were treated with concurrent chemotherapy of paclitaxel(100mg/m², on day2.)and cisplatin(30mg/m², on days 2-6)(TP regimen)plus 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.The total dose was 60Gy-70Gy.After the radiation, 3 cycles of TP regimen were performed, but the dose of paclitaxel was 200mg/m².Group B:patients received sequential chemoradiotherapy.First radiation was performed as same as group A.Then chemotherapy of TP(paclitaxel 200mg/m², on day 2, DDP 30mg/m², on days 2-6)was followed for 4-5 cycles.Results The overall response rate in concurrent and sequential groups was 80.0%and 57.5% respectively(χ² =4.71, P＜0.05).Incidences of grade III-Ⅳ acute radiation esophagitis, leukopenia, nausea/vomiting and skin reaction were 47.5%, 42.5%, 52.5% and 57.5% in group A, and 25.0%, 17.5%, 30.0% and 17.5%in group B respectively(P＜0.05).Incidences of grade III-Ⅳ acute radiation pneumonitis and lose hair rate was 32.5%, 7.5% in group A and 20.0%, 27.5%in group B respectively(P＞0.1).Conclusion Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is well tolerated in most unresectable stage III_a-III_b NSCLC patients.Its early response is better than sequential chemoradiotherapy.

Objective To investigate the expression of Livin, Fas and FasL protein in gastric carcinoma and the relationship between them.Methods The expression of Livin, Fas, FasL protein was detected by immunohistochemical SP method in forty-one cases of gastric carcinomas and ten centimeter distanced normal gastric tissues.Result The positive rate of Livin was 78.5% in the cancer tissue, and 14.6% in the normal gastric tissue.There was significant difference between them(P＜0.05).The positive expression of Livin was not related with the following factors:the age and gender of the patients, size and loci of the tumor, infiltration depth, degree of tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and IUCC-stages.The expression of Livin was not correlated with the expression of Fas and Fasl.Conclusion The over-expression of Livin is close correlated with carcinogenesis of the gastric carcinoma.

Objective To compare the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine plus cisplatin between the elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and the younger.Methods 35 elderly advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients received chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin every 3weeks and the 35 younger patients as a comparison.The efficacy and toxicity were observed.Results Compared with the younger patients, the elderly have more co-morbidity and lower KPS score and received fewer cycles of chemotherapy.The response rate, median survival time, and 1-year survival rate were 45.7%, 9.0 months, 38.2% in the elderly and 51.4%, 9.2 months, 40.6% in the younger respectivety.There were no statistical significance between two groups.The toxicity between two group have no statistical significance.Conclusions For the elderly patients with non small cell lung cancer, gemcitabine plus cisplatin every 3 weeks were a safe and effective selection.

Objective To observe the effects and toxicities of the patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with 3D-CRT combined with chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone.Methods 40 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer from January, 2000 to June, 2006 were divided into three groups:chemotherapy alone group(20 patients)3D-CRT with FH group(8 patients)3D-CRT with GP group(12 patients).Three dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3D-CRT)carried out as following:CT simulation localization, 3D-TPS, time/fraction schedule:1.8-1.9Gy/F to the 90% isodose line, 1F/D, 5F/W, overall rate:50.4-62.7Gy.Chemotherapy:GP scheme:gemcitabine 700-1000/m2 d1, 8 and Cisplatin 20mg/m²d1-3, GP scheme was applied one cycle at every four weeks and two to five cycles in chemotherapy alone group, and one cycle before and after radiation in 3D-CRT with GP group;FH scheme:5-Fu 500mg/m²and Hcpt 10mg/m² delivered respectively in five days continually, then radiated, when dose achieved 40Gy, the other cycle was given immediately, then radiated again.Results The side effect of 3D-CRT with chemotherapy group was slighter than that of chemotherapy alone group, especially in the FH group.The rate of pain palliation of them were 55% and 20% respectively(P＜0.05)and is higher in the FH group(62%).Five patients experienced partial response and one complete response in the 3D-CRT with chemotherapy group, but partial response was observed in only one patient of the chemotherapy alone group(P＜0.05), and the better effect was observed in the FH group, though without a statistical difference.The median survival from the time of therapy was 12 months in 3D-CRT with chemotherapy group, higher than that of chemotherapy alone group(P＜0.05).The survival rate of 1 year in the former was better, especially in the FH group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The rate of pain palliation was higher in 3D-CRT with chemotherapy group than that of chemotherapy alone group.Better general remission was achieved in the former and the efficacy of the treatment in terms of prolongation of life was proven in the same group, but the side effect was slighter in this group.At the same time, the better effect and slighter toxicity were observed in clinical in the 3D-CRT with FH group than with GP group.

To study the relationship between proliferating cell and lymphatic vessel and angiogenesis in gastric cancer. Methods We observed the central cancer tissues and the peritumoral tissues of 67 patients with gastric carcinoma by immunohistochemistry.Using D2-40、VEGFR-C and VEGFR-3 detected the micro-lymphatic density(MLD), microvessel density(MVD)were evaluated by immunohistochemistry with CD31 and CD34 antibodies.The proliferation of the cells was labeled by Ki-67.Results There is a few atresic streak lympgatic vessel in the central cancer tissues, but in the peritumoral tissues lymphatic increased and dilated, it appears adenoid structure.To compare with micro-lymphatic density in the central cancer tissues(33.6±13.9)and the peritumoral tissues(61.7±21.4), the result is significantly different(P＜ 0.01).The differences in the distribution and amount of microvessel are similar to lympgatic vessel.There is a few focal distribution Ki-67 positive carcinoma, but in the peritumoral tissues the situation is reverse especially in one low-power size(×10).Compared with Ki-67 positive cells in different tumor region, in the central cancer tissues Ki-67 positive cells decreased markedly(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion There exist neonatal lymphatic vessels、blood vessel and many Ki-67 positive carcinoma in gastric cancer.All of them distribute anterior border of carcinoma tissues, especially in one low-power size(×10).The MLD、MVD and Ki-67 positive carcinoma might be an important index for the prognosis of gastric carcinoma.The more lymphatic microvessel、microvessel and Ki-67 positive carcinoma in the peritumoral tissues, the poorer prognosis, vice versa, good prognosis.

Objective To compare the recently curative, noxious and side effects of drug combination of CPT-11 plus CAP and 5-Fu/CF in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.Methods 77 cases of advanced colorectal cancer diagnosed by pathology and histology were divided into 2 groups randomly.Experimental group(39 cases):CPT-11100mg/m² was injected in 90 minutes in d1, 8, capecitabine 1000mg/m² was taken twice a day in d1-14.Control group(38 cases):CF 200 mg was injected in d1, 2, followed by the injection of 5-Fu 400mg/m² in d1, 2 and the micro pumping of 5-Fu 600mg/m² over 48 hours in d2.The treatment was repeated every three weeks as one cycle and the treatment effect was evaluated after 2 cycles.Results The total effective rates of experimental group(39 cases)and control group(38 cases)are 48.7%(19cases)and 21.1%(8 cases), respectively.There is statistical significance between the two groups(P＜ 0.025).The main noxious and side effects were delayed diarrhea, leucopenia, nausea and vomiting, etc.There was no treatment related death.Conclusion The curative effect of drug combination of CPT-11 plus CAP is superior to 5-Fu/CF in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer and the combination was recommended to be used widely.

Objective To discuss the effect of Shenqi Fuzheng injection(SQFZI)on hyperthermic intraperitoneal lavage chemotherapy for gastric cancer.Methods Sixty gastric cancer patients were assigned to two groups randomly, the control group treated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal lavage chemotherapy alone and the treated group treated with SQFZI combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal lavage chemotherapy.To observe incidence rate of untoward reaction and the cases of stoping hyperthermic intraperitoneal lavage chemotherapy.To detect the changing of WBC, Hb, PLT and subsets of lymphocytes(CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8)in peripheral lymphocytes counts before and after treatment.Results Incidence rate of untoward reaction and the cases of stoping hyperthermic intraperitoneal lavage chemotherapy in treated group were significantly lower than that in control group(P ＜ 0.05).There were statistical differences between treated group and control group.The descent of WBC in treated group were significantly lower than that in control group(P ＜ 0.05).There were statistical differences between treated group and control group.The percentage of CD4 and the number of CD4/CD8 in treated group were significantly higher than that in control group(P ＜ 0.05).There were statistical differences between treated group and control group.Conclusions SQFZI could effectively improve the immune function, prevent the descent of WBC of gastric carcinoma patient treated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal lavage chemotherapy, help gastric carcinoma patient to finish their treatment, raise patients′quality of life.

Objective To study the expression of Twist, E-cadherin in Papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC)and the relationship with clinicpathological factors.Methods Twist and E-cadherin were measured in papillary thyroid carcinomas(n=60), nodular goiter(n=40), benign papillary lesions(n=40)by immunohistochemical staining.Resusts In papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC), positive rates of Twist and E-cadherin were 81.67%(49/60)and 21.67%(13/60);in nodular goiter(NG), positive rates were 0%(0/40)and 87.50%(35/40);in benign papillary lesions(BPL), positive rates were 7.5%(3/40)and 100%(40/40), respectively.There were statistic significance compared PTC with NG and BPL.The positive expression of Twist and E-cadherin were both related to lymph node metastasis.The expression of Twist showed negative correlation with E-cadherin.Conclusions Twist expression in PTC was increased and E-cadherin was reduced.They were both correlated with lymph node metastasis.The expression of Twist showed negative correlation with E-cadherin.

Objective To explore the efficacy and toxic reaction of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for recurrent cervical cancer.Methods Form October 2003 to November 2006, 41 recurrent cervical cancer patients were treated by 3DCRT of 50-65Gy.Chemotherapy was given concurrently using capecitabine(1500mg/m²orally, d1-d14, 21 days per cycle)and nedaplatin(60mg/m²iv drop, d1, 21 days per cycle).The concurrent chemotherapy was used 2 circles.After CCRT, 2-4 circles of the same program for consolidation chemotherapy were used one month later.Results All of the patients had finished the CCRT, in which 33 patients were given consolidation chemotherapy for 4 cycles, 3 patients were given 3 cycles and 5 patients were given 2 cycles.The total response, complete response rate and partial response rate were 78%, 26.8%(11/41)and 51.2%(21/41), respectively.The medium overall survival was 24.8 months.The 1-and 2-year survival rates were 58.5%and 31.7% respectively.The pain-alleviation rate and the mean pain-alleviation time were 90.3% and 7.8 months respectively.The hemorrhage control rate was 90.9%(10/11).Quality of life was improved without any treatment related death.Conclusions Capecitabine and cisplatin combined with concurrent radiotherapy for recurrent cervical cancer is effective and well-tolerated in patients with post-operatively local regionally recurrent or advanced cervical cancer.