Objecive To explore the significance of expression of tumor-associated macrophages(TAM)in node-negative breast cancer.Methods Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze TAMs expression levels in patients with breast cancer and compared these data with the clinicopathological features of these patients.Results Breast cancer patients with TAMs high-infiltration had significantly lower DFS and 5-year survival rates than patients with TAMs low-infiltration.For patients with negative axillary lymph node metastasis, high-infiltration of TAMs indicated markedly poorer survival rate than low-infiltration arm.Multivariate analysis further confirmed that increased density of TAMs was an independent prognostic factor for patients with breast cancer.Conclusion High infiltration of TAM indicated poor survival rate for patients with node-negative breast cancer.The infiltration of TAMs is a new and important risk factor for node-negative breast cancer recurrence.

Objective The expressions and significance of KAI1/CD82 and MRP1/CD9 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC)were investigated.Methods Real-time quantitative PCR(Q-PCR)and immunohistochemical technique were employed to detect the expressions of KAI1/CD82 and MRP1/CD9 in the laryngeal tissues of 100 LSCC patients, randomly selected 30 cases of corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues as well as the influence of both proteins on the clinicopathological features and survival of LSCC patients.Results The changes in mRNA and protein expressions of KAI1/CD82 and MRP1/CD9 were consistent in two groups, and the expressions of KAI1/CD82 and MRP1/CD9 were significantly different among two groups(P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).The KAI1/CD82 and MRP1/CD9 expressions in patients with TNM stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ LSCC, poorly differentiated LSCC, clinical stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ LSCC or lymph node metastasis was markedly lower than that in those with TNM stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ LSCC, well differentiated LSCC, clinical stage Ⅰ~Ⅱ LSCC or no lymph node metastasis(P＜0.01 or ＜0.05).However, there was no marked difference in KAI1/CD82 and MRP1/CD9 expressions between males and females among patients in different age LSCC different parts and tissues(P＞0.05).In LSCC patients positive for KAI1/CD82 protein expression, the median survival time was 78 months, which was significantly longer than that in LSCC patients negative for KAI1/CD82 protein expression(48 months;χ²=6.98, P=0.008).In LSCC patients positive for MRP1/CD9 protein expression, the median survival time was 78 months, which was significantly longer than that in LSCC patients negative for KAI1/CD82 protein expression(49 months;χ²=5.45, P=0.02).Expression was positively correlated with KAI1/CD82 in LSCC and MRP1/CD9 protein(χ²=31.41, P＜0.01).Conclusion Both KAI1/CD82 and MRP1/CD9 are involved in the occurrence and development of LSCC, and may provide clinical information for evaluation of invasiveness, metastasis and prognosis of LSCC.Thus, KAI1/CD82 and MRP1/CD9 may serve as markers for determination of invasiveness, metastasis and prognosis of LSCC.

Objective To study the effects of tetramethylphylpyrazine(TMP)on cell proliferation and reversing drug resistance in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line AGZY.Methods The drug sensitivity of AGZY cells to ADM was measured by MTT assay.The cell proliferation states were investigate by cell growth curve and cell colony formation test.The migration and invasion of AGZY cells were measured with cell invasion assay.The protein expression levels of nm23 and MDR1 were determined by western blot analyses.Results The IC₅₀ and drug-resistant index of ADM were decreased by TMP.Cell proliferation ability was decreased obviously.Cell invasion ability was decreased.The expression of nm23 was upregulated, and the expression of MDR1 was downregulated.Conclusion TMP could inhibit the growth of AGZY cell.TMP could enhance the AGZY cell chemosensitivity to ADM, and it maybe related with the down-regulation of MDR1.TMP can restrain AGZY cell invasion and metastasis, and it may have relationship with the upregulation of nm23.

Objective In this study, we investigated the therapeutic antitumor effect of recombinant Ankara virus encoding murine CD40L(TBC-MVA-mCD40L)in a murine B-cell lymphoma model.Methods After infection in vitro and in vivo, costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 expressions of A20 cells were assessed by flow cytometry.BALB/c mice with established s.c.and widely metastatic A20 lymphoma tumors were treated with intratumoral injections of TBC-MVA-mCD40L together with systemic chemotherapy.Next the BALB/c mice were vaccinated with irradiated A20 cells transduced with TBC-MVA-mCD40L before rechallenged with A20 and another CT26 cell line.We observed direct antitumor effect and prophylactic antitumor protection effect of TBC-MVA-mCD40L by measuring the tumor size of lymphoma model(A20)in BALB/c mice.Results Some tumor cells in the injected sites expressed the CD40L transgene, and had increased expressions of the CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules.The combined chemoimmunotherapy resulted in complete tumor regression and long-term survival of the mice.Otherwize, mice vaccinated with irradiated A20 cells transduced with TBC-MVA-mCD40L are protected against A20 tumor cells.Conclusion These Results show that genetic modification of tumor B cells with CD40L can be a useful strategy to promote systemic immunity against B-cell malignancies.The Results support future plans for intratumoral injection of TBC-MVA-mCD40L in patients with lymphoma.

Objective Retrospective analysis on the efficacy of whether liver cancer g-amma knife radiotherapy combined with hyperthermia is better than the simple radiation therapy.Methods Retrospective analysis of cases were from May 2009 to December 2011 in our Hospital.65 cases of primary liver cancer patients were randomly divided into radiotherapy group(30cases)and combination group(35cases);radiotherapy group was given gamma-ray the r gamma knife radiotherapy;combination group was given the gamma-raythe r gamma knife radiotherapy as well as liver tumor local hyperthermia within one hour after the radiotherapy.We examined the short-term effect, and observed the improvement of life quality, and the survival rate and radiation toxicity after three months.Results Compared with the Gamma knife radiotherapy combined with local hyperthermia treatment and simple radiotherapy of liver cancer, the partial remission rate and symptom relief were higher.Toxicity was lower, and the quality of life was better as well as the total lifetime of OS was slightly longer.Conclusion Gamma knife radiotherapy combined with local hyperthermia is advantage than a simple gamma knife radiotherapy in the area of tumor remission rate, quality of life, toxicity and survival period.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)and injection of ethanol under ultrasound-guided in the treatment of uterine fibroids.Methods Forty typical patients with uterine fibroids accepted HIFU and injection of ethanol under ultrasound-guided treatment.The image changes of color Doppler ultrasound, ultrasonic contrast and enhanced MRI were evaluated.1 and 6 months after treatment, ultrasonic contrast and symptoms were recorded to evaluate the curative effect in follow-up process.Results After HIFU and injection of ethanol under ultrasound-guided treatment, the image of color Doppler ultrasound, ultrasonic contrast and enhanced MRI showed that there was not any blood flow in the uterine fibroids.The differences of the fibroid volumes between one month after treatment and before treatment, six months after treatment and before treatment, and one month after treatment and six months after treatment was statistically significant, respectively(P＜0.01).In addation, the volumes of fibroids reduced obviously(P＜0.01).Most patients felt menstrual volume decreased, and cycle became regular with an obvious remission of stomachache and frequent micturition.None of them had serious complications.Conclusion HIFU and injection of ethanol under ultrasound-guided treatment is feasible and effective to treat uterine fibroids.

Objective To investigate risk factors of the chylous fistula after radical resection of colon carcinoma plus D3 lymph node dissection and its prevention.Methods Clinical data of 56 patients with the chylous fistula after radical resection of colon carcinoma plus D3 lymph node dissection was analyzed retrospectively as the observe group, and compared with the 769 patients without the chylous fistula after the same operation during the same time as the control group.The possible influencing factors of the chylous fistula were analyzed by single factor and logistic regression analysis.Results All 14 selected factors related with the chylous fistula, including anaemia or lower proteinemia, lesion site and lymph node dissection number were related with the chylous fistula.The statistical analysis showed that the difference was statistical significant(P＜0.05).Sex, age, diabetes, intestinal obstruction before operation, neo-adjuvant chemotherapy before operation, tumor size, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, operation method, blood loss during surgery, operation Method and operating time had no correlation with the chylous fistula(P＞0.05);Non-conditional multivariate analysis showed that anaemia or lower proteinemia, lesion site and lymph node dissection number were significant related with the chylous fistula as dependent risk factors.Conclusion Anaemia or lower proteinemia, lesion site and lymph node dissection number were significantly related with the chylous fistula as dependent risk factors.Radical resection of right-colon carcinoma plus D3 lymph node dissection is associated with higher risk for chyle leak.Conservative treatment is effective in early stage of chyle leak after radical resection of colon carcinoma plus D3 lymph node dissection.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and pathological features of gastric cancer of different age groups.Methods 1138 cases of clinical data of patients with gastric cancer from January 2005 to January 2007 at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.According to ages, patients were divided into 3 groups:A≤40 years;B＞40 years and≤70 years;C＞70 years.The whole group and the groups′demographic factors, the main symptoms, tumor location, pathological type and TNM stage were statistically analyzed and compared.Results The number of gastric cancer increased along with the age and reached a high peak in 51~70 years.Female patients predominated at the cases of 40 years or younger(P＜0.05).Patients in A group had a higher percentage off amily history of cancer(P＜0.05).Lots of patients in B and C groups liked heavier salty foods, hot foods, smoking and alcohol drinking than patients in A groups(P＜0.05).Initial symptoms in these three groups were similar(P＞0.05).Most of tumors occurred at pyloric antrum in A group(P＜0.05), gastric cardia and funduscancer increased along with the age, especially male patients.The majority of patients were the low differentiated adenocarcinoma.High and middle differentiated adenocarcinoma ratio increased along with the age.The A group had more mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma than the other groups(P＜0.05).The majority of patients belonged to stageⅡand Ⅲ.The A group had more stage Ⅳ patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion Gastric cancer patients of different age groups have different characteristics of the disease and pathological features.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Kiss-1 and E-cadherin in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, as well as to approach the role and correlation of Kiss-1 and E-cadherin.Methods Kiss-1 and E-cadherin expressions were detected in 78 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 78 normal laryngeal tissue samples by immunohistochemical Method to analyze the correlation between the protein expression rate and clinical and pathological characters and study the correlation between the expression of Kiss-1 and E-cadherin in squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx.Results Expression of every gene was significantly different between laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and normal laryngeal tissues(P＜0.001).The negative expression rate of Kiss-1 and E-cadherin was significantly associated with cervical lymph node metastasis and clinical stage(P＜0.001), but not associated with sex and age of the patients(P＞0.05).The negative expression of Kiss-1 is closely related with the negative expression of E-cadherin(P＜0.001).Conclusion The expressions of Kiss-1 and E-cadherin in case and control group has a significant difference.Kiss-1 loss of expression as well as E-cadherin may be a biological maker in squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx.The levels of Kiss-1 and E-cadherin were useful molecular markers for evaluating malignancy degree and lymph node metastasis of in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and may play important roles in inhibiting the invasion and metastasis.

Objective To explore the expressions of CXCR7 and VEGF in breast cancer and to evaluate their clinical significance.Methods Using immunohistochemistry Method CXCR7 and VEGF expressions in breast cancer tissues in 80 cases to analyze their correlation with clinicopathological factors, disease free survival(DFS)and their correlation.Results The expression of CXCR7 was correlated with the lymph node metastasis and clinical stage;The expression of VEGF was correlated with the lymph node metastasis, clinical stage and histological grade(P＜0.05).Between the expression of CXCR7 and VEGF was positively correlated(r=0.257, P＜0.05).The expression of VEGF was correlated with the DFS of the patient(P=0.021), but the expression of CXCR7 was not correlated with the DFS(P=0.116).Conclusion The expressions of CXCR7 and VEGF were closely involved in the process of invasion and metastasis of breast cancer.And, they have played synergy in this process.VEGF is a predictor of prognosis in breast cancer, but whether the expression of CXCR7 can be used in predicting prognosis of breast cancer needs to be studied further.

Objective Inhibition and apoptosis mechanism of Paeonol on human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cell growth.Methods Cultivation to the logarithmic growth phase cells from human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2, applying different concentration of paeonol(31.25mg/L, 62.5mg/L, 125mg/L, 250mg/L)and continue to develop to different time, application of four tetrazolium colorimetric assay(MTT)to detect the inhibitory rate of cell proliferation;flow cytometry propidium iodide staining were used to detect apoptosis rate cell apoptosis was detected by fluorescence microscopy;morphology of acridine orange staining to detect the expression of Caspase-3;Western blotting technique.Results MTT Results show:Hep-2 cells with paeonol concentration increases the in vitro growth was inhibited.Flow cytometry showed different concentrations of paeonol 48h, cell apoptosis rate increased, in a dose dependent manner, the cell cycle of S phase arrest.Expression of apoptosis related gene caspase-3:Hep-2 cells with the increase of paeonol concentration and the extension of time, the expression of Caspase-3 gene increased significantly, suggesting increased apoptosis.Conclusion Paeonol could inhibit the growth of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells in vitro, and the effect increased with the dosage of the Danpi time prolonged.apoptosis rate increased;paeonol can up-regulate the expression of Caspase-3, thereby inducing apoptosis of human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors for indication of total gastrectomy in radical resection for carcinoma of stomach.Methods 609 patients from the Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University with radical resection for carcinoma of stomach were studied and classified into the total gastrectomy group, which were 273 after total gastrectomy and the partial resection group which were 336 after partial resection.The data were compared between two groups such as tumor position, tumor size, Borrmann, differentiation type, distance from cutting edge to tumor and lymph node metastasis.Results The survival time of the partial resection group was obviously longer than the total gastrectomy group(χ²=5.183, P＜0.05).The preoperative data of partial resection group was better than total gastrectomy group in Karnofsky and ECOG, while total gastrectomy group better in Goldman(P＜0.05).There were significant differences of the size of tumor, lymph node metastasis and the areas of infiltration between two groups(P＜0.01).The total gastrectomy group was associated with the distance from cutting edge to tumor and differentiation type(P＜0.05).Conclusion The total gastrectomy can′t guarantee a prolonged survival.The determinative factors of total gastrectomy included big lump, lymph node metastasis and abroad areas of infiltration, ect.Nutriture and cardiorespiratory function were important in total gastrectomy.

In recent years, the proteomic technology and theory have been more and more widely used in bioscience and medical research with its increased maturity and perfection.The research about blood, gastric fluid, tissues, cells and cell organelles can completely explain the rules of life and provide evidences for further research.The detection for occurrence, developing and metastasis-related protein in gastric cancer is benefit for discovering novel specificity markers or understanding the pathogenesis mechanism, and is of great importance for early diagnosis and target therapy.

Not only the levels of cirgulating DNA in patients suffer from tumor is higher than healthy, but circulating DNA has changes in gene structure.The characteristic changes of circulating DNA in oncology have clinical significance in early diagnosis of tumor, curative effect evaluation and follow-up of cancer.The article is reviewed about the source and releasing mechanism of circulating DNA, genetically modified variation, level change, circulating DNA integrity, the research Methods and limitation of circulating DNA.

Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent primary malignant bone tumor in children and teenagers with a poor survival in 40% of the victims.The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been shown to play a major role in bone cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis.It is a critical component of bone mass regulation and required for bone to respond to mechanical loading.The pathway is tightly regulated by a number of modulator proteins.Mutations in pathway components that result in aberrant regulation are involved in a number of bone diseases, especially Osteosarcoma.The use of Wnt pathway associated markers appear promising for osteosarcoma.Drugs targeting the Wnt pathway will gain even more attention.

Tumor stem cells are thought to sustain tumor proliferation, chemoresistance and recurrence after therapy.The chemoresistance of tumor stem cells are due to their stem cell properties.Bmi-1 gene plays an important role in self-renewal and proliferation of stem cells, and is associated with a number of malignancies.Bmi-1 gene is reported to display chemoresistance through upregulation of ABC-transporter family, inhibition of cell apoptosis and many other mechanisms.In this review, we make a summary of research advancement on the relationship between Bmi-1 gene and multi drug resistance.

Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathway has a close relationship with many human cancers.β-catenin is an essential regulatory factor in Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathway.For the past few years, it has received more and more attention in pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.The current review discusses biological function of β-catenin and the relationship between the expression of β-catenin and the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma, especially the research progress in the hypoxia microenvironment.It provides theoretical basis for intensive pathogenesis of hapatocellular carcinoma and targeting therapy.

Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol compound, existing in grapes and other plants, which is regard as phytoalexin.Res has various biological activity of pharmacology of ant-tumor effect, cardiovascular protection, ant-inflammatory effect and so on, but it has no side effects on healthy cells.Res especially has a great effect on tumor cells, which mainly activates apoptosis inducing factor(suchas:TRAIL, Caspase-3, Bax and so on)of tumor cells.Res also can change the tumor cell cycle′ s proportion, via p21 blocks the G₀/G₁ period, Achieve anti-tumor effects.Our article aims to make a review on the latest research on Res′ anti-tumor effect.

Recurrence and metastasis are key issues in research on hepatocellular carcinoma.Recently, more and more research tell us that CXCR4 may play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of HCC, and it even could be an important predictor for the bone metastasis of HCC.In this review, we summarize the latest progress, both domestic and overseas on this research.