Abstract: Objective We researched the injury of rats spinal cord made by gemcitabine and cisplatin combined chemotherapy in order to provide important academic guidance for synchronous chemoradiotherapy.Methods The dose of GEM and DDP is one-off 30mg/kg and 5mg/kg respectively.We observed spinal cord morphological change by light microscope and transmission electron microscope;detected the protein expression of apoptosis associated genes:bax and caspase-3 by immunohistochemistry.Results Gemcitabine or gemcitabine+cisplatin all caused spinal cord injury, and the injury caused by gemcitabine+cisplatin was more severe than gemcitabine alone.The spinal cord showed partial demyelination, denaturation of the white matter close to central canal, infiltration of flammatory cell, rarefaction of cinerea structure, and increase of veins by H-E staining;and demyelination of partial nerve fiber within the white matter, incrassation, twisting, and shrinkage of neural plate of spinal cord by transmission electron microscope.The apoptosis associated gene-bax and caspase-3 all had high-expression in all groups, moreover the expression of combined treatment group was obviously higher than gemcitabinealone(P＜0.05).Conclusion Not only gemcitabine alone can cause spinal cord injury, but also gemcitabine+cisplatin can cause it.The injury mechanism is associated with the high-expression of Bax and caspase-3.