Objective To investigate CA Ⅸ and HIF-1α mRNA expression changes in tumor-bearing mice using anti-angiogenic drugs in conjunction with radiation therapy.To explore the possible mechanism of expression changes.Methods We established the model of Lewis lung carcinoma.32 tumor bearing mices which were randomly divided into blank control group,the Endostar group,the radiotherapy group and ES + RT group,respectirely.From the day of treatment,tumors were measured every other day.Then,we would describe the tumor growth curve.After treatment,we would peel the tumor,using Real-time PCR method to detect the expression of CA Ⅸ and HIF-1αmRNA in the treated tumor tissues.Results From tumor growth curves,the difference was statistically significant,between ES+ RT group and the remaining three groups(P＜0.05).As a reference to the blank group,CA Ⅸ mRNA amplification factor of the ES group,RT group and ES+RT group were decreased.ES + RT group of HIF-1α mRNA amplification factor was decreased.HIF-1αmRNA and CA Ⅸ mRNA expressions were positively correlated(r=0.68,P＜0.01).Conclusion Endostar combined with radiotherapy significantly inhibit the growth of mice with Lewis lung tumor;improving the status of tumor hypoxia.Inhibition of HIF-1α and CA Ⅸ mRNA expression may be one of the mechanisms of radiation sensitizing effect.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C2(AKRlC2)and Twist in different gastric tissues and their clinical pathological relations.Methods Immunochemical method is used to detect AKRlC2 and Twist expressions in 156 cases of gastric carcinoma,31 cases of atypical hyperplasia and 20 cases of normal gastric tissues.The correlation of the two expressions was compared.Results The expression of AKR1C2 was not detected in all 20 normal gastric tissue cases.But,Its expression was up-regulated in 6 atypical hyperplasia cases from 31 and 86 gastric carcinoma cases from 156.There was statistical significance in latter(P＜0.01).The expression of Twist was not detected in 19 normal gastric tissue cases from 20.But the expression of it was up-regulated in 3 atypical hyperplasia cases from 31 and 107 gastric carcinoma cases from 156.There was statistical significance in latter(P＜0.01).The expressions of AKR1C2 and Twist in gastric carcinoma were positively related(P＜0.01).The expression of AKR1C2 in different gastric tissues has statistical significance(P＜0.01).Conclusion AKRIC2 and Twist could be used as bio-markers for diagnosis and prognosis of the gastric carcinoma.In addition,AKRIC2 may be involved in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition(EMT).

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPAR-γ)in gastric cancer patients and gastric cell line SGC7901.Methods SP immunohistochemistry was used to investigate PPAR-γ expression in 50 cases of gastric cancer,their adjacent tissues and the SGC7901.Results The positive rate of PPAR-γ protein expression was significantly higher in gastric cancer(58%)than that in their adjacent mucosa(28%)(P＜0.01).The expression of PPAR-γ was positive in SGC7901,and it was significantly high in poor differentiation,infiltration of serosa,lymph node metastasis(P＜0.01)and advanced tumor stage(P＜0.05).It was irrelevant with gender,age,tumour size and location(P＞0.05).Conclusion Expression of PPARγ protein is up-regulated in gastric cancer.PPAR-γ is not only relevant with gastric cancer happening and its progression.There may be a molecular marker and prognostic factor of gastric cancer.

Objective The study focused on the correlation between 2-deoxy-¹⁸F-fluoro-D-glucose(¹⁸F-FDG)PET(Positron Emission Tomography)-CT(computerized tomography)signs with the prognosis value in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Thirty-three cases of non-small cell lung cancer confirmed by pathology were examined with ¹⁸F-FDG PET before operation.The maximum standarized uptake value(SUVmax)to the prognosis of NSCLC and the correlation between SUVmax with clinicopathological factors were analyzed respectively.Results The average SUVmax for the 33 NSCLC was 10.5±5.4,SUVmax less than cut-off value of 11 exhibited a median survival of 33±0.6 months while as SUVmax more than 11 possessed 27±1.3 months respectively(P=0.013).The correlation index between SUVmax and survival time was 0.8(r=0.8,P=0.008).The correlation between SUVmax and histological type was significant(r=0.348,P=0.048).The correlation between SUVmax and clinical type was significant(r=0.379,P=0.029).There were no significant correlations between SUVmax and age,gender,differentiation,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis.Conclusion There was a negative correlation between SUVmax of ¹⁸F-FDG-PET and prognosis for NSCLC.

Objective To prove AEG-1 and Caspase-3 expressions of basal-like cancer tissues and their relevance.Methods HE staining was used to verify the pathological diagnosis of cases.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of AEG-1 and Caspase-3 in 66 basal-like cancer.Results 66 cases were all basal-like cancer,respectively.The positive expression rates of AEG-1 and Caspase-3 were 73% and 60% in basal-like cancer,respectively.The expression of AEG-1 in basal-like cancer tissues increased with the reduction of the differentiation level,and significantly higher in basal-like cancer with CA153 high than that in basal-like cancer without CA153 high,(P＜0.05).The expression of Caspase-3 in basal-like cancer tissues decreased with the reduction of the differentiation level,and was significantly lower in basal-like cancer with CA153 high than that in basal-like cancer without CA153 high(P＜0.05).AEG-1 and Caspase-3 expressions in basal-like breast cancer tissues were negatively correlated,however it was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion AEG-1 and Caspase-3 maybe participate in progression of basal-like cancer.But,AEG-1 does not directly inhibit the expression of Caspase-3.It maybe interact with the CA153,as a cofactor in inhibiting the expression of Caspase-3.

Objective To explore the expression level and clinical significance of PAK1 mRNA in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods The mRNA expression level of PAK1 was detected in laryngeal cancer samples and matched para-cancerous normal tissues by real-time quantitative RT-PCR(qTR-PCR).Results The positive rate of PAK1 mRNA expression was 72.58% in laryngeal cancer.The high level of PAK1 mRNA was correlated with poor differentiation,lymph node metastasis,advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis(P＜0.05).Conclusion Our study demonstrated that up-regulation of PAK1 mRNA may closely correlated with the carcinogenesis and development of laryngeal cancer.It indicates that PAK1 may serve as a new therapeutic target for laryngeal cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of β-Cross Laps and P1NP in diagnosing and observing therapeutic effect of bone metastatic carcinoma.Methods Detecting β-Cross Laps、P1NP、CA15-3 quantitatively using the electrochemiluminescence.All the 57 patient with bone metastatic carcinoma were divided into two grouos.One(Ⅰ)for 36 were with lighter abnormality of bone imaging.The other(Ⅱ)were remarkableness of bone imaging.Results The concentrations of β-Cross Laps and P1NP in the group one are obviously higher than the group two and control group.The discrepancy have the statistical significance(P＜0.01).And the concentrations of the two marker aftertherapy are also obviously lower than the concentrations before therapy(P＜0.05),the concentrations of the two marker are also having the increasing tendency followed by the creasing of metastasis.The discrepancy have the statistical significance(P＜0.01).There are no significantly changes of CA15-3 in different groups(P＞0.05).The sensibility of β-Cross Laps and P1NP might reached at 71.25% and 64.05%.The specificity of them might reached at 88.0% and 81.99%.Both are higher than the results of bone imaging for 50.32% and 61.17%.Conclusion The concentrations of β-Cross Laps and P1NP might reflect the alleosis of the patients of bone metastatic carcinoma.It can be used for monitoring therapeutic effect,having better clinical application worth.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of As₄S₄ on growth and apoptosis of the human ovarian cancer subcutaneously transplanted in nude mice.Methods We established the subcutaneously transplantated tumor of SKOV3 by BALB/C nude mice,and evaluated the inhibitory effect of As₄S₄ on the growth of tumor tissue;By RT-PCR,we evaluated the influence of As₄S₄ on the expression of Bcl-2/Bax mRNA in tumor tissue;By Westernblot,we evaluated the influence of As₄S₄on the expression of Bcl-2/Bax protein in tumor tissue.Results After subcutaneously transplanted tumor in nude mice,it was treated with different concentration of As₄S₄.It was significantly smaller in size and weight.The expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated in As₄S₄ treated group,while Bax was up-regulated.Conclusion As₄S₄ suppresses the growth of implanted tumor in nude mice,and it induces tumor cells apoptosis.Anti-tumor activities of As₄S₄ might be related with inducing apoptosis and Bcl-2/Bax expression change.

Objective To investigate the effect of the sulfated derivatives polysaccharides from sclerotium of Poria cocos(S-PCS3-II)on gastric adenocarcinoma MKN-45 cells apoptosis.Methods The MKN-45 cell line was cultured in vitro,and was exposed to a range of concentrations of S-PCS3-II at different time.The effect of apoptosis was observed by cell morphology,flow cytometry,agarose gel DNA electrophoresis,fluorescent microscopy and transmission electronmicroscopy.Results S-PCS3-II can inhibit the growth of human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells.When MKN-45 cells were treated for 24h,48h,72h at 0.5g/L concentration,the apoptosis rate revealed(7.92±0.83)%、(20.68±1.75)%、(37.52±2.47)%,respectively.DNA agarose gel electrophoresis showed the typical DNA ladder of apoptosis.A typical apoptosis morphology was also observed by fluorescent microscopy.A typical apoptosis ultrastructure changes was also observed by transmission electronmicroscopy.Conclusion S-PCS3-II can inhibit the growth of human gastric cancer MKN-45cells by inducing gastric cancer cells apoptosis.

Objective To identify the effects of miR-122(a hepatic microRNA)on the cellular behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells(HCC).Methods The apoptosis and cell cycle of HepG2 and Huh-7 cells transfected with miR-122 or anti-miR-122 were analyzed by Annexin ⅴ-based flow cytometry,terminal deoxynucleotidy1 transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)detection as well as PI-based flow cytometry at 24 and 48h posttransfection.Cells transfected with Mock were served as negative controls.Results There was no significant difference between the apoptosis,cell cycles of HepG2 cells transfected with miR-122 and Mock HepG2 cells at 24,48h posttransfection(P＞0.05).However,compared to Mock Huh-7 cells,the apoptosis of Huh-7 cells transfected with anti-miR-122 was signaficantly decreased at 48h posttransfection(P＜0.05);the rate of Huh-7 cells treated with anti-miR-122 in G₀~G₁ phase was significantly up-regulated,compared with that of mock cells.The rates in S phase and G₂-M phase were down-regulated(P＜0.05).Conclusion The down-regulation of miR-122 expression might prevent the apoptosis of certain type of HCC,such as Huh-7 cells.miR-122 may be as an endogenous regulating factor of apoptosis to play the antineoplastic effect in the liver tissues.

Objective Under culturing different human breast cancer cell lines and the related content of cancer stem-like cells,we discuse CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell proportion in breast cancer cell lines and related subsets enrichment method of breast cancer stem-like cells through effective intervention of the commonly chemotherapy and flow cytometric analysis.Methods Through the cell culture of breast cancer cell line“MCF - 7,MDA - MB -231”,we observed the growth curve and compared grow under conditions with chemotherapy drugs intervention.we detected the expression proportion of CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell in the two breast cancer cell lines by flow cytometry.Under suspension culturing the above cell lines in serum-free medium,we observed clonal nonadherent spherical clusters by combining with or without chemotherapy scheme of TA scheme(docetaxel+table doxorubicin).Results 1.The multiplial time of MDA-MB-231 cells was shorter,and its growth rate was higher than MCF - 7 cells.2.The MCF-7 cells might exist the larger proportion of cancer stem-like cells with chemotherapy resistance and self-update.3.Chemotherapy sensitivity with two independent sample t-test,the result in MCF-7 cells suggested no statistical significance(P＞0.05).The result in MDA-MB-231 cells showed obvious positive significance(P＜0.05).MDA-MB-231 cells were more sensitive to chemotherapy from them.4.Under serum-free suspension cultures of two breast cell lines,MDA-MB-231 cells got no clear cell balls.MCF-7 cells were found cell balls at the first 6 day.With chemotherapy,the majority of the two tumor cells gradually died,and there were no living cell balls.5.Measured the content of CD44⁺CD24^-/lowcytometry cells by flow cytometry,the two above cell lines mainly contain CD44+CD24+ subsets(74.2%,95.7%)and CD44-CD24+ subsets(23.3%,3.95%).The CD44⁺CD24^-/low proportion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 was 2.07%and 0.20%,respectirely.Conclusion 1.The MDA-MB-231 cells line which growed faster had higher malignant degree and showed more sensitive than MCF-7 cells line to TA chemotherapy scheme.2.Under serum-free suspension cultures,MCF-7 cells grow clonal monadherent spherical clusters,and the two lines had small proportion of CD44⁺CD24^-/low cell with flow cytometric detection.3.The CD44⁺CD24^-/low phenotype may not be the only specific surface markers of breast cancer stem cells.

Objective To observe the effect of magnetic nanoparticle containing arsenolite and polylactic acid in treatment of osteogenic sarcoma(OS)cell line UMR-106.Methods The magnetic nanoparticle containing arsenolite and polylactic acid were prepared,and transmission electron microscope(TEM)and fluorophotometer techniques were used to characterize its morphous and carrying dosage,and the heat effect on magnetic nanoparticle was studied under altering magnetic field in vitro.Then,the UMR-106 cells were cultivated,and MTT assay was performed to examine the effect of magnetic nanoparticle containing arsenolite and polylactic acid on the proliferation of UMR-106 cells.By FCM,the Percentage of apoptotic cells was detected.Results The prepared magnetic nanoparticle containing arsenolite and polylactic acid were well-distributed with an diameter between 60~70nm;As₂O₃ content is 10.3%.They had very distinct heat effect in a altering magnetic field and could rise to a steady temperature for tumor hyperthemia(41℃~46℃).Magnetic nanoparticle containing arsenolite and polylactic acid could significantly inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis which were more distinct than the As₂O₃ solution and the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle magnetic fluid.Conclusion Magnetic nanoparticle containing arsenolite and polylactic acid have both the cytoxicity,and the heating effects resulted from the radiofrequency-induced hyperthemia.This treatment has showed better effect on cell experiments than either using As₂O₃ or hyperthemia alone,and may provide a new way in clinical treatment for OS.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of detecting vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in ascites and infusing cisplatin(DDP)in combination with thalidomide into abdominal cavity as maintenance therapy for advanced ovarian cancer.Methods 69 patients medical records of no combined chemotherapy tolerance and positive ascites VEGF in advanced ovarian cancer were analyzed retrospectively.36 were enrolled into the trial groupe(infusing cisplatin and thalidomide into abdominal cavity),and 33 were enrolled into the control groupe(the only abdominal cisplatin infusion).Therapies were take as follow:DDP(40~60/m²)was given once a week for 2 weeks,and repeated with an interval of 2weeks.every 28 day was a cycle.Thalidomide was given continuously.Efficacy and toxicity and immune function were evaluated after 2 cycles.Results Respone rate of the trial groupe was 72.2%,and respone rate of the control group was 46.9%,differences between the two groups was significant in statistics science(P＜0.05).VEGF level before treatment and after 2 cycles treatment were different in the two groups(P＜0.01).VEGF descent degree of the trial groupe was higher than that of the contronl.The percent of CD3⁺ 、CD4⁺ 、CD8⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in front of treatment and behind of 2 cycles treatment were no differences in the two groups,differences was significant in statistics science(P＞0.05).The rate of Ⅲ-Ⅳgastroenteric toxicity in the trial groupe was less than that in the control groupe(P＜0.05).But,the rate of other Ⅲ-Ⅳ toxicity(for example:neutrocytopenia、hemoglobin descent、weakness)were no significant difference t in two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Detecting VEGF in ascites can increase diagnosis rate of malignant ascites.Infusing DDP into abdominal cavity in combination with thalidomide can raise respone rate in advanced ovarian cancer,reduce VEGF level of ascites,improve live quality and reduce adverse reaction.Patients tolerance and compliance are satisfactory.

Objective To investigate the security and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonic-guided biopsy for peripheral occupying lesions of lung,and evaluate the clinical value of this method.Methods 97 patients with peripheral pulmonary space occupying lesions by CT were performed ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy,through automatic biopsy device.Results The success rate of puncture drawing materials was 98.9%.93% cases acquired accurate diagnosis,and the pathological correspondant rate was 95.9%.71 cases were malignancy,with 25 cases benign.There were 3 cases showing a false-negative result.The false-negative rate was 4.1%.1 case of material was not enough to make pathology diagnosis.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided percutaneous automatic biopsy is a simple,safe and effective method for the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary space occupying diseases.It is worth to be widely used.

Objective To investigate the correlation of expression of proline-,glutamic acid-,leucine-rich protein-1/modulator of nongenomic activity of estrogen receptor(PELP1/MNAR)with clinical index and Ki67 label index(Ki-67 LI)in tumor from North of China resident Han ethnic female breast cancer patients.Methods 98 cases of primary breast cancer and 22 cases of benign breast fibroadenoma tissues from North of China resident Han ethnic patients were collected.Expression levels of PELP1/MNAR both in breast cancer and fibroadenoma specimens as well as Ki-67 only in breast cancer specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).Correlation analysis was performed to examine association between PELP1/MNAR expression and other clinical parameters as well as Ki-67 in breast cancer.Results The positive ratio of PELP1/MNAR in breast cancer was significantly higher than that in fibroadenoma(100% vs 72.7%,P＜0.001).The expression of PELP1/MNAR in breast cancer did not show significant correlation with age or pathological types,but appeared significantly positive correlation with clinical stage and lymph node metastatic state.A significant positive correlation between expression of PELP1/MNAR and Ki-67 LI in breast cancer was also found(r=0.247,P=0.014).Conclusion Higher expression of PELP1/MNAR in tumor is a character of North of China resident Han ethnic female primary breast cancer patients.PELP1/MNAR status may be served as a valuable pathological index in evaluating prognosis of primary breast cancer.

Objective To study the method of microneurosurgical resecting of the insular glioma with intraoperative ultrasonography.Methods Twenty-nine patients with insular glioma were involved in this study.The surgoren approaching,method and outcome were observed.Results 17 cases were totally resection,and 12 cases were sub-totally resection with intraoperative ultrasonography.None of sever complication occurred.Conclusion The outcome of insular glioma was good by microsurgical resection with intraoperative ultrasonography.

Objective To prove the diagnostic accuracy of neoplasm metastasis of pituitary gland.Methods To report a case of pituitary gland metastasis from breast carcinoma and review the interrelated articles.Results Neoplasm metastasis of pituitary gland was rare.The original tumors from breast or lung were in the majority.Diabetes inspidus,impairment of optic nerves and hypopituitarism were often seen in the cases,without specific images on CT or MRI.The main point of identification between pituitary gland metastasis and pituitary adenoma is invasiveness.Conclusion Pituitary tumor should be discriminated with metastasis tumor,which has characteristic in rapid growth,strong invasiveness as well as involvement in both anterior lobe and posterior lobe.

Since the discovery of the interstitial cell of Cajal in 1983,there have been continuous studies on its physiological function and the pacing mechanism,where the relationship between the variation of ICC and the emergence of disease have drawn most attention.Recent studies from the clinical experiment and animal test have shown that digestive system diseases are closely related to the decline in the number of ICC and the damage of network.Therefore,they have provided theoretical foundation for the cause and treatment of digestive diseases.This paper dedicates to the pathological variation of the ICC in digestive diseases as well as their relationship.

Recently,Hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)has been extensively investigated as an important biomarker of carcinogenesis.Studies have revealed that it can regulate angiogenesis and glycolysis,and also induce metastasis in malignant tumors.Therefore,it is closely related to multi-drug resistance in malignancies.The progress on HIF-1α research will provide deep understanding of multi-drug resistance mechanism.The relationship between HIF-1α and multi-drug resistance in malignancies was summarized in this review.

In recent years,the morbidity and mortality of patients with malignant tumor has been increasing continually.The platelets significantly increased were in patient with malignant tumor in vivo.The platelets play an important role in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors.We should make a distinction between primary thrombocythemia and secondary cases thrombocytosis,because there are more difference in their treatment and prognosis.There was close relationship between thrombocythemia and patients with malignant tumor.The platelet could be excitated and activated by the malignant tumor cell.The platelet could promote tumor cell proliferation,metastasis and platelet tumour cell embolization.Blood platelet count be known as prognosis independence factor of patient with malignant tumor.We should control blood platelet count.It is possible that platelet suppressant drug treat malignant tumor.We briefly sum up cause of thrombocythemia and relationship with malignant tumor and so on.

Metformin is the most widely used antidiabetic drug in the world,and there is an increasing evidence that this agent plays an important role in anti-caner therapy.Firstly,there is a decrease in cancer incidence in metformin-treated patients.Secondly,metformin activates the AMP activated protein kinase(AMPK)pathway,which has been proposed as a promising therapeutic target in cancer.Finally,metformin has a direct inhibitory effect on cancer growth and an antitumoral action.