Objective To investigate expression and predictive value of YinYang-1(YY1)in triple-negative breast cancer,and to determined whether the expression can predict survival.Methods The expressions of YY1 proteins were studied in 87 triple-negative breast cancer samples and 123 non-triple negative breast cancer samples by SP immunohistochemical staining.Furthermore,the relationships between the expressions of YY1 and clinic pathological characteristics in two groups were analyzed.The follow-up of these 210 patients was performed to evaluate the correlation between YY1 expression and prognosis.Results The positive rates of YY1 expressions in 87 triple-negative breast cancer samples and 123 non-triple negative breast cancer samples were 63.2%(55/87)and 48.8%(60/123),respectively.In triple-negative group,YY1 expression was related with histological grade,tumor size and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05,P＜0.01 and P＜0.01,respectively).In non-triple negative group,YY1 expression was only related with lymph node metastasis.Survival analysis suggested that the 5-year Disease-free survival rate(DFS)and Overall survival rate(OS)in patients with positive expression of YY1 protein were lower than in those with negative expression(P＜0.01 and P＜ 0.05,respectirely).Conclusion The expression of YY1 was high in triple-negative breast cancer and closely related with prognosis.Thus,it was significant in predicting the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer.

Objective For the research suppression glucogalactan from the roots of Panax quinquefolium to hepatocellular carcinoma,we study the treatment effect of glucogalactan from Panax Quinquefolium(PPQ)to hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods We established BABL/C mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma;used PPQ interference mouse hepatocellular carcinoma development;observed the variation of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma and spleen and estimated effect of anti-hepatocellular carcinoma and PPQ immunoregulation.Results With the increasing of PPQ dosage,mice tumor weight decrease obviously,and tumor inhibitory rate increase obviously(P＜0.05).Mice immunoregulatory effect is remarkable.Conclusion So,PPQ to the tumor inhibition is obvious.It may provide a new way for tumor immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate gender differences of clinicopathological characteristics in 568 lung cancer patients with radical surgery.Methods Data of 568 patients with lung cancer undergoing radical surgery during 2003-2007 in our hospital were collected,including clinical data,pathological types and tumor location.Statistics were analyzed according to gender differences.Results The proportion of male to female was 2.17∶1(389/179)in 568 patients.The youngest was 20 years old,and the oldest was 81 years old.The peak incidence of age was in the 50~69 years old.The average onset age were 58.01±10.60 and 56.80±10.86 years in male and female,respectively.There was no significance age distribution difference between male and female.The rates of smoking in male and female were 74.0% and 21.2%,respectively.Dry cough was more seen as chief complaint in female than male(P＜0.001),while blood in phlegm was more seen in male(P＜0.05).The ratio of peripheral lung cancer to central lung cancer in male and female were 1.13 and 2.03(P=0.002),respectirely.There was significantly difference in pathological types between male and female.In non-smoking group,the incidence was higher in female,(especially in bronchioloalveloar carcinoma and adenocarcinoma with 3.1 and 2 times than that in male).In smoking group,the incidence was higher in male in each pathological type and was obviously seen in squamous carcinoma.Conclusion There is significant gender difference of clinical and pathological characteristics in operation resction patients with lung cancer.It is suggested that the female patients have its own characteristics with a more common symptom of dry cough and higher incidence in non-smokers,peripheral and adenocarcinoma of lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the expressions of HMGA2 and Twist in gastric adenocarcinoma and their association of pithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)-related makers of E-cadherin and Vimentin.Methods Expressions of HMGA2,Twist、E-cadherin and Vimentin in 80 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma and in 20 cases of normal gastric tissues were assayed by immunohistochemical staining(IHC).We also compared with clinicopathological data.Results HMGA2,Twist、E-cadherin and Vimentin positive expression rates were 65%,68.75%,26.25% and 67.5%,respectirely,in gastric adenocarcinoma.The expression of HMGA2 was positively correlated with that of Twist(P＜0.05).The expressions of HMGA2 and Twist were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage(P＜0.05),the low expression of E-cadherin(P＜0.05)and the increased expression of Vimentin(P＜0.05).Conclusion HMGA2 and Twist over-expressed in gastric adenocarcinoma,and related to EMT.It promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transitions phenotype,and then induces invasion and metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the expression of PAK1 in laryngeal cancer and its effect on migration and invasion of laryngeal cancer cells.Methods Firstly,22 samples of fresh laryngeal cancer tissues and adjacently normal laryngeal mucosa were collected to detect the expression of PAK1 by Western blot.Secondly,63 paraffin embedded laryngeal tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of PAK1.Finally,We observed cell migration and invasion by knockdown of PAK1 in FaDu cell line via siRNA.Results The results from western blot and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the expression of PAK1 in laryngeal cancer tissues was higher than that of normal mucosa.The cell migration and invasion of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma was reduced after PAK1 was knocked down through siRNA.Conclusion The activation of PAK1 may contribute to the development and progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Inhibition of PAK1 could decrease cell migration and invasion capability of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective We provide primary epidemical status of cancer incidence and death in Heilongjiang provincial rural area by analyzing the incidence and death rate of Shangzhi town.The quality of data was evaluated through data,which was from cancer registry centre of Shangzhi analyzing.Methods The new cases diagnosed as cancer or death from cancer in 2009 were collected in Shangzhi town.The information of each case were input by Canreg4 software.Incidence rate,death rate,age-standardized rates,cumulative incidence and death rate were calculated by Excel and SPSS software.The standard of evaluating quality of cancer registry abide by National Cancer Center command.The main markers of evaluation were MV%,DCO% and M/I.Results The number of new diagnosis cases was 1254,and death cases was 742.Crude incidence rate was 203.566/10⁵,and crude death rate was 105.999/10⁵.Age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population(ASIRC)and by world standard population(ASIRW)were 110.726/10⁵ and 149.046/10⁵,respectively.Age-standardized death rates by Chinese standard population(ASDRC)and world standard population(ASDRW)were 56.723/10⁵ and 79.819/10⁵,respectively Malignancy ranked on top ten incidence rate were lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,gastric cancer,breast cancer,esophageal cancer,cervical cancer,pancreatic cancer,bladder cancer and laryngeal cancer.Lung cancer and liver cancer ranked on first and second both in male and female,and those incidence rate were 56.814/10⁵ and 40.744/10⁵ in total population,respectively.The top ten death rate of cancer type were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,pancreatic cancer,esophageal cancer,breast cancer,bone cancer and throat cancer.Lung cancer,liver cancer and gastric cancer ranked the top three death rate,and those death rate were 33.926/10⁵,26.946/10⁵and 10.227/10⁵,respectively.The quality of registry data did not completely meet the standards of Nation Cancer Center,and need more attention.Conclusion The data from cancer registry centre of Shangzhi revealed the epidemical status of cancer incidence and death of rural area in Heilongjiang Province.The cancers frequent spectrum reflected the characteristics of cancer in rural area.In addition,more focus were paid for cancer registry in country to improve the quality of data.Furthermore,it will provide reliable evidence for cancer research and formulation of health policy.

Objective In order to screening the phage-display random 12 peptide specific to the lung cancer and explore early diagnosis,differential diagnosis and clinical treatment for lung cancer.Methods We sdected the serum of lung cancer patient,benign tumor and normal tumor,which was 35 case respectirely,Using the phage random 12 peptide library screening(the lung cancer specific phage clones),we pooled these serum as a screening ligand.Then,the Dot-ELISA is used to identify the lung cancer specific phage clones reactive to sera of the lung cancer patients and normal controls individually.Results Total 12 of the phage-display random 12 peptide are obtained by phage peptide library screening and the Dot-ELISA identification.Mix of positive cloning respectively with the 12 cases of lung cancer patients and 12 cases of normal serum reaction and 12 cases of lung cancer patients serum all positive,normal serum all negative,sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%.Conclusion Lung cancer-specific peptides were screened by phage random peptide library maybe used to diagnosis the lung cancer,and implementing early detection and early intervention has important theoretical significance and application value of lung cancer.

Objective The tumor model was built with different chemical inducers in green fluorescent protein transfected C57BL/6(GFP-C57BL/6)mouse,and the sensitivity and efficiency were analysis.Methods In this research,benzo(α)pyrene,3-methylcholanthrene,6-nitrobiphenyl and sacrosine ethyl nitrosamine were used to induce forestomach neoplasia in GFP-C57BL/6 mouse respectively.Results The four inducers can be induced forestomach neoplasia successfully.Benzo(α)pyrene was more effective that the tumor incidence reached 100%,and it did not lead to stomach injury of its control mice.Conclusion Benzo(α)pyrene could be used for a inducer in GFP-C57BL/6 forestomach neoplasia model.

Objective To explore the value and treatment effect of renal TACE,excision and immunotherapy combination therapy of large renal carcinoma in middle-advanced stage. Methods Before the treatment,patients were examined,patients stages were confirmed,and suitable cases were chosen.The 22 patients in combined treatment group first underwent renal carcinoma TACE with chemotherapy emulsion like gemcitabine,etc.Three to seven days later,all these patients had the radical nephrectomy.Three days after the radical operation,IL-2 immunotherapy was performed on 22 patients.The 23 patients in the surgery group merely underwent radical nephrectomy.Perioperative blood transfusion,operation time,3-year-overall survival and 5-year-overall survival of the two groups have been compared.Results In combined treatment group,2 cases of arteriovenous fistula and 2 cases of abnormal blood supply were found in the course of renal carcinoma TACE.In surgery group,two patients had adhesion of inferior vena cava(IVC)tumor thrombus and vessel wall,whose cancer thrombus could not be completely resected.One patient died of pulmonary infarction during the operation.Perioperative blood transfusion,operation time,3-year-overall survival and 5-year-overall survival of the combined treatment group are 409.45mL,122.27min,72.7% and 63.6%;717.39mL,171.82min,43.5% and 33.3% of the surgery groups,respectively.Compared with the two sets of data by SPSS,we found that each was P＜0.005.It is which showed that the difference between the two groups has statistics significance.Conclusion Renal TACE,excision and immunotherapy combination of large renal carcinoma in middle-advanced stage can make the following benefits possible:decreasing operation risks,reducing perioperative blood transfusion,shortening operation time and increasing 3-year-overall survival and 5-year-overall survival in those patients.

Objective To investigate the expression of Ezrin in hepatocellular carcinoma and the relationship between Ezrin and epithelial mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods By maxvision immunohistochemical method,we determined the expressions of Ezrin,E-cad and Vimentin and the relationship between them in 60 specimens of hepatocellular carcinoma and 30 specimens of nomal hepatic tissues.Results The positive rate of Ezrin in hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher than that in the normal tissue(60% vs 7%,P＜0.01).The positive rate of E-cad inhepatocellular carcinoma tissue was lower than that in the normal tissue(43% vs 76.6%,P＜0.01).The positive rate of Vimentin in carcinoma was higher than that in the normal tissue(43.7% vs 0%,P＜0.01).Ezrin overexprossion was correlated with the clinical stage(P＜0.05).The Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that Ezrin expression wag negatively correlated with E-cad expression,while it was positively correlated with Vimentin expression.Conclusion Ezrin may play a crucial role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and correlate with epithelial mesenchymal transition.

Objective To explore the value of multi-slice spiral CT angiography(MSCTA)in the preoperative resection evaluation in hepatic carcinoma and biliary tract carcinoma.Methods Forty-two patients with hepatic carcinoma and biliary tract carcinoma were involved in this study.The primitive data of arterial phase and portal vein phase were reconstructed by multiple planar reformation(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP),volume rending(VR),shaded surface display(SSD)and curved planar reformation(CPR).The results of preoperative resection evaluation were compared with the surgical results in Kappa inspection.Results The surgical results showed that there were 6 cases with vascular invasion in 42 patients with hepatic and biliary tract carcinoma.MSCTA results showed that there were just 2 cases with vascular invasion.Compared with the surgical results in Kappa inspection(Kappa= 0.644),it showed that preoperative resection evaluation of MSCT in hepatic and biliary tract tumors have good consistency to the surgical results.Conclusion There is strong consistency between the surgical results and preoperative resection evaluation of MSCT in hepatic and biliary tract tumors.It has guiding significance in clinical treatment and postoperative assessment.

Objective To investigale the expression and its clinical significance of p53 and EGFR in gastric cancer.Methods The expressions of p53 and EGFR were detected in 45 cases normal gastric mucosa and 320 cases of gastric cancer by immunohistochemistry of PV-6000.Results The positive expression rates of P53 and EGFR in 320 cases of gastric cancer were significantly higher than those in normal gastric mucosa.There were statistically significant between the tissues of normal gastric mucosa and gastric cancer(P＜0.01).In 320 cases of gastric cancer,p53 protein expression was related to gastric cancer differentiation,stomach infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis.The expression of EGFR was related to gastric cancer differentiation,tumor size,stomach infiltration depth and lymph node metastasis.Conclusion p53 and EGFR play a certain role in the development,progression of gastric cancer.The experiment may provide a theoretical foundation for clinical therapy of gastric cancer.

Objective To evaluate the progress and the transfer of FOLFOX6 regimen efficacy and toxicity in gastric cancer.Methods 37 patients with advanced gastric cancer patients were received FOLFOX6 regimen,namely:oxaliplatin 100mg/m² and 5% glucose infusion 250mL 2-hour drip on day 1,leucovorin 400mg/m² and 0.9% saline infusion 250mL 2-hour drip afterwards.It was followed by 5-fluorouracil 400mg/m²,bolus,and micro pumps continuous infusion 2400mg/m² for 46 hours.It was repeated every 2 weeks and 2 times for 1 cycle.Two cycles were used to determine efficacy.Results 37 patients were evaluated(48.6% total efficiency).Period and initial treatment with 66.7% efficiency were re-treated with 40.0% efficiency.The median time for progresion was 5.6 months,and median overall survival was 8.3 months.Toxicity was mainly nausea,vomiting,leukopenia and peripheral neurotoxicity.There was no chemotherapy-related death.Conclusion FOLFOX6 regimen in advanced gastric cancer is effectively and relatively safe.It is worth further studing and active applications.

Objective To study the correlation between X-ray signs and lymph node metastasis of breast cancer.Methods 62 cases of breast cancer who were pathologically confirmed were retrospectively analysed.We observed their molybdenum target image signs by the following 5 indicators for analysis:(1)form of the lesions,(2)whether there was burr at the edge of the lesions,(3)whether there was calcification within the lesions or nearby,(4)size of the lesions,(5)lesions position.Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15.χ² test was used for enumeration data,and P＜0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results In the 62 cases of breast cancer,lesion size was greater than or equal to 2cm,and burr at the edge of the lesion were statistically correlated with lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).Whether the lesion is a mass,or there is calcification within the lesion or lesions position showed no statistical significance(P＞0.05).Conclusion Lymph node metastasis often occur in breast cancer patients with mammography imaging signs of the lesion size greater than or equal to 2cm and burr at the edge of lesion,which are reliable signs for clinical diagnosis of lymph node metastasis.Whether the lesion is a mass or there is calcification within the lesion of lesions position have no significant correlation with lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer.

Objective To discuss the prognosis factors of the postoperative pancreatic cancer.Methods We collected 78 patients with pancreatic cancer resection from the Third Affiliated Hospitial of Harbin Medical University during 2005-2008 in this retrospective study,and analyzed the factors including:age,gender,glucose,blood type,symptom of pain,preoperative CA19-9,tumor′s position,lymph node metastasis,clinical stage,adjuvant therapy with Kaplan-Meier of univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards model analysis of the positive factors in the multivariate analysis.Results Univariate analysis showed that preoperative CA19-9＞37U/mL,lymph node metastasis,without adjuvant therapy,clinical stageⅢ and with pain symptom would be bad for survival(P＜0.05).Age,gender,glucose,ABO blood type and tumor′s position did not influence on survival(P＞0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative CA19-9 level,pathological lymph node metastasis and clinical stage were the independent prognostic factors for postoperative pancreatic cancer.Conculusion Adjuvant therapy will be benefit for the survival,but not the independent prognostic factor.Preoperative CA19-9 level,pathological lymph node metastasis and clinical stage are independent prognostic factors for postoperative pancreatic cancer.

Kimura′s disease is a rare and chronic inflammatory disease characterized by subcutaneous nodules in the head and neck regions,which is associated with regional cervical lymphadenopathy.Following its recognition as a pathologic entity,numerous reports have been published detailing the pathogenesis,radiologic manifestations and treatment modalities.The case is an 18-year-old male with multiple symptoms of kimura′s disease.

Screening and early diagnosis of cancer,when making undoubted and significant contribution to the survival rate and clinical outcome of the disease,may lead to overdiagnosis and overtreatment because of the fact that some early stage cancers.Even if not detected,they are not going to cause any symptoms during the patients′ lifetime.But,the diagnosis and treatment would cause iatrogenic injury and a waste of medical resources.Based on large quantities of latest literatures worldwide,this article summarizes the ocurrent situation of cancer overdiagnosis,analyzes its adverse consequences and proposes several relevant solutions.

Malignant melanoma is the skin cancer that originated in the melanocytes.Although it accounts for only 4 percent of skin cancer,it accounted for 75% of skin cancer deaths.Epidemiology and animal experiments show that obesity has relationship with the occurrence of melanoma.Leptin as a hormone plays a catalytic role in obese.Leptin can stimulate the growth,metastasis,invasion and pro-angiogenic in melanoma(especially leptin and leptin receptor overexpression in advanced melanoma).This article will be of leptin and its receptor and melanoma of the latest research progress for a brief overview.

TSLC1 and DAL-1/4.1 B are new found in recent years of tumor suppressor genes,with potential tumor of inhibition.Research shows that both in a variety of organizations were expressed,and many tumors are performance for lower expression or missing.Gene inactivation is relevant with the extensive of the tumor,transfer and prognosis.One of the main possible mechanism of the gene inactivation is gene promoter methylation.Both can be used as new tumor markers,guiding the early detection of cancer and target gene therapy.

Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)is an endothelial cell-specific factor which plays a critical role in angiogenesis and progression of lung cancer.It can stimulate the growth of pathological blood vessel by promoting the multiplication and migration of endothelial cells,remodeling extracellular matrix and enhancing vascular permeability.VEGF overexpression in tumor tissues is related with metastasis and prognosis of lung cancer patients,and it increases the radiation resistance of non small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).The combination of radiotherapy with VEGF inhibitors could improve the sensitivity of radiotherapy.This article is a retrospective review of VEGF regarding its structure,function and the relationship between lung cancer and research progress related to the effect of VEGF in radiotherapy of NSCLC.

We reviewed the progress of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)and contrast-enhanced computer tomography(CECT)in the diagnosis of hepatic lesions.The diagnositic principle of CEUS and CECT is similar.Both two examinations have high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of hepatic lesions.CECT displayed hepatic lesions without location restrictions and gas impact.It can show the contrast change of the whole liver.CEUS displayed a high detection rate of blood supply for hepatic tumors in the arterial phase,which has important diagnostic significance for density lesions or low blood lesions on CECT.It was recommended that the diagnosis of hepatic lesions should be combined with the advantages and disadvantages of CEUS and CECT.If necessary,the two examinations could be performed in combination with the improvement of diagnostic accuracy in hepatic lesions.

Now,the approach of photodynamic therapy(PDT)for malignant tumor has received more and more attention.Although its mechanism is not entirely clear now,PDT in the treatment of tumor has achieved a good curative effect,especially for the hollow organ cancer.Further research is needed in the treatment of organ cancer.With the development of gene and nanotechnology,photodynamic therapy will has a broader clinical application.