Abstract: Esophageal carcinoma is a common upper gastrointes-tinal malignancies.Surgical treatment is the most important therapy.Eonsidercay enat the trauma is big,and the time is long.It may have adverse effects on many organs and systems.It always accompanies many complications after surgery.Arrhythmia is one of the common complications.It seriously affects patients′ postoperative recovery.How to reduce the occurrence of arrhythmia after operation of esophagus cancer has always been an international hot issue.In recent years,epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia have been widely used in esophageal carcinoma operation.Research proves that thoracic epidural anesthesia can reduce the dosage of opioid analgesics,inhalation anesthetics and muscle relaxants,provide excellent postoperative analgesia,and promote the patients′ pulmonary function after surgery.At the same time,thoracic epidural anesthesia can inhibit the excitability of sympathetic nerve.Thereby,it can reduce the incidence of arrhythmia.The review will focus on the effect and mechanism of thoracic epidural anesthesia on esophageal carcinoma postoperative arrhythmia.