Objective To investigate the association between sleep duration and risk of colorectal cancer incidence in women.Methods All the female employees including the female retirees of the Kailuan Group who completed routine physical examinations were recruited in the Chinese Kailuan female cohort.Information on lifestyle such as sleep duration and smoking status was collected at the baseline investigation,as well as the information of newly-diagnosed colorectal cancer cases during the follow-up period.Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between levels of sleep duration and risk of colorectal cancer.Results A total of 24688 females were recruited in the study and there were 108020.76 person-years of follow-up and 4.38 years of average follow-up period.During follow-up,32 colorectal cancer cases were identified in the present cohort.Compared with 7h of sleep duration,the hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals of colorectal cancer were 0.41(0.14~1.22)and 0.56(0.23~1.40)for short(≤6h)and long(≥8h)sleep duration,respectively,after adjustment for potential confounding factors such as age.Similar results were obtained when analysis was conducted in subgroups stratified by snoring or baseline BMI.Conclusion It is still not sure that sleep duration is significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer in Chinese female.

Objective To detect the expression of CD133,COX-2 and the state of DNA ploidy in colorectal carcinoma;to investigate the relationship of between these factors and clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal carcinoma,and the correlationship between of these factors.Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was performed to detect CD133and COX-2 in 90 cases of colorectal carcinoma and in 90 cases of normal intestinal mucosal,the detection of DNA ploidy was examined by flow cytometry method(FCM).Results The positive expression of CD133,COX-2 and DNA ploidy in colorectal cancer were significant higher than that in normal intestinal mucosa(P＜0.05);the expression of CD133 was positive correlated to the degree of differentiation and lymphoid metastasis in colorectal cancer(P＜0.05);and the expressions of COX-2 was positive correlated to TNM staging and lymphoid metastasis(P＜0.05);the positive expression of CD133,COX-2 and DNA ploidy rates were positive correlated with each other(P＜0.01).Conclusion The CD133,COX-2 and DNA ploidy in colorectal carcinoma were high expressed and positive correlated with each other,these results indicated that these factors may relate with the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer,and may provide an important basis for the clinical treatment and research.

Objective To explore how to improve the mature dendritic cells,we compared the differences between cytokines in promoting the maturation of dendritic cells.We next evaluated the efficacies of several cell penetrating peptides in order to find a high performance CPP with tumor antigens,in order to improve the effectiveness of DC targeted therapy.Methods Several cytokines in different working concentration were in vitro co-cultured with monocytes to induce maturation of dendritic cell.Number and phenotype of the mature dendritic cell were assessed with phase contrast microscope.Surface markers including CD80,CD83,CD86,and HLA-DR were evaluated with flow cytometry.Immunofluorescent staining was used to evaluate the penetrating efficacies of the four peptides TAT,SecPen,PanPro,and Pan.Results GM-CSF in 2 folds concentration didn′t results in increased number of mature dendritic cell when compared with that in conventional concentration(P＞0.05).No statistical significances were found in the expression level of CD80,CD83,CD86,and HLA-DR between the two working concentrations.Compared with conventional method using IL-4,GM-CSF and IFN-γ,number but not functional markers of mature DC was significantly higher when cultured with optimal method(P＜0.05).In comparation with the other three CPPs,SecPen(83.3±3.0%)possess the highest efficacy of internalizing effect(P＜0.05).Conclusion Different concentration of GM-CSF can not increase the number and proportion of mature DC.Compared to the traditional methods,the optimized method is superior in inducing DC maturation than the conventional method.Cell penetrating peptides can efficiently enter DC.However,their penetrating capacity varies significantly.Care must be taken to select the feasible CPP for application in DC vaccines.

Objective To observe the effect of Somatostatin-14(SST-14)and SST-14 combined with 5-Fu on the suppressive growth and vessculor endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression in nude mice subcutaneous xenografts.Methods The animal models of xenotransplanted human gastric cancer were established by implanting BGC-823 and MKN-28 cell lines subcutaneously in nude mice and were randomly divided into 4 groups and treated with normal saline,SST-14,5-Fu and SST-14 combined with 5-Fu for three weeks,respectively.Three weeks after treatment,the animals were killed to take the tumors.The tumor growth inhibition was used to evaluate the suppressive growth.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were applied to observe the expression of VEGF.Results SST-14 combined with 5-Fu obviously reduced the tumor weight of xenografts(P＜0.05).Immunohistochemical and Western blot indicated that VEGF expression and positive cells in three treatment groups were significantly decreased compared with normal saline group(P＜0.05).Moreover,VEGF expression in combined treatment group was reduced significantly than SST-14,5-Fu groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Somatostatin-14 combined with 5-Fu significantly suppresses the subcutaneous xenografts growth in nude mice by different human gastric cancer cell lines.The inhibition of angiogenesis by SST-14 together with 5-Fu may through down-regulating the expression of VEGF in subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice.

Objective To investigate the cell killing effect of aloe-emodin(AE)mediated photodynamic therapy(PDT)on human oral mucosa carcinoma KB cells.Methods The cells were randomly divided into four groups:control group;drug alone group;laser alone group and PDT group.The cells were incubated with different AE concentrations(10μM,20μM,30μM and 40μM)for 4h in the dark prior to the treatment,and then treated by PDT with different irradiate times(10s,20s,40s and 80s).The cell killing effect of PDT on KB cells was detected by MTT assay.Results Compared to the control group,neither drug alone group nor laser alone group has significant effect on KB cell(P＞0.05).The cell killing effect of PDT group on KB cells showed dose-dependent and time-dependent inhibition.The cell survival rate decreased in 56.7%,when the AE concentration was 40μM and the laser irradiate time was 80s.Conclusion AE-mediated PDT can be significantly in killing KB cells.

Objective To explore the predictive value of the therapeutic effect with concurrent chemoradiation about cervical carcinoma through the quantitative analysis of 3.0T dynamic enhanced MRI(DCE-MRI).Methods Thirty cases of cervical carcinoma with concurrent chemoradiation in our hospital(Guangzhou first people′s hospital)from January 2013 to March 2015 were included in our study.All the cases had been confirmed by pathology.The mean value of DCE-MRI parameters including Ktrans,Kep,Ve was measured in all cases and the Spearman analysis was made between them and tumor regression rate.Results Before treatment tumor tissue and uterine muscle TIC curve:The tumors were given priority to type III curve,before the treatment:1 case of type I(3.33%),3 cases of type II(10%),26 cases of type III(86.67%),at the end of the treatment:5 cases of type I(16.67%),13 cases of type II(43.33%),12 cases of type III(40%);uterine muscles were given priority to type I curve,before the treatment:18 cases of type I(60%),12 cases of type II(40%),at the end of the treatment:16 cases of type I(53.33%),14 cases of type II(46.67%).Tumor regression rate after treatment had positive correlation with mean value of Ktrans,Kep and Ve for tumors before treatment(r:0.124~0.668,P＜0.01~0.031).Conclusion Tumor regression rate has positive correlation with mean value of Ktrans,Kep and Ve for tumors before treatment.DCE-MRI quantitative parameters can predict the treatment effect of cervical carcinoma,which is expected to provide a basis for the individualized treatment of cervical carcinoma.

Objective To study the role of TTF1 and Ki-67 in thymic epithelial tumors(TET)and their relevance.Methods Fifty-nine cases of TET were collected.The pathologists were agreed on 51 cases,disagreed 8 cases,4 of which were involved with type AB.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect TTF1 and Ki-67 expressions in 51 TET with unanimous diagnosis and 30 thymic hyperplasia tissues.The correlations of TTF1 and Ki-67 expression in TET and clinical pathologic characteristics were statistically analyzed.Results Among the disagreed cases,4 of 8 were involved with type AB.There were significant differences of TTF1 and Ki-67 expressions between hyperplasia tissues and TET.Only 11 of 15 type AB expressed TTF1.The expression of TTF1 had positive correlation with World Health Organization classification(WHO)in TET.Ki-67 labeling index increased from type A to thymic carcinoma and its expression range of type A and thymic carcinoma did not overlap each.Ki-67 labeling index was correlated with WHO and clinical stages in TET.Furthermore,the expression of TTF1 had no correlation with Ki-67 in TET.Conclusion TTF1 is a highly specific marker for type AB.Ki-67 is useful for distinguishing type A from thymic carcinoma and guiding treatment by predictive value.

Objective To evaluate the expression of CD10 in stromal cells of mucinous adenoma,mucinous borderline tumor and mucinous adenocarcinoma and examine their role in tumor progression.Methods Immunohistochemical study for CD10 was performed on 20 cases of normal ovarian tissue,42 cases of mucinous adenoma(MA),72 cases of mucinous borderline tumor(MB)and 42 cases of mucinous adenocarcino-ma(MC).Results In 20 cases of normal ovarian tissue,CD10 was not detected in any stromal cell.In 42 cases of MA stroma,the expression of CD10 was negative in 28,positive in 14;in 72 cases of MB stroma,the corresponding parts were 18 and 54,whereas in MC stroma,the corresponding parts were 0 and 42.The proportion of CD10-positive cells increased from MA to MC(33.3%,75%,100%,P＜0.0001).Conclusion CD10 overexpressions in stromal cells may play an important role in the development of ovarian mucinous tumor.

Objective To compare the curative effect of individual chemotherapy with routine chemotherapy in patients with cervical cancer recurrence or continuous after radiation and chemotherapy.Methods 60 patients with cervical cancer recurrence or continuous after radiation and chemotherapy,and hospitalized in JingZhou Center Hospital between January 2013 and December 2015 were selected.They were divided into experimental group and control group randomly.The individualized chemotherapy programs were made based on the results of genetic testing in experimental group(30 eases).Gemcitabine combined cisplatin chemotherapy were used in the control group(30 eases).Evaluated the clinical efficacy and toxicity the incidence of adverse reactions after 2 curative cycles.Results The RR and DCR were significantly higher in the research than in the control group(P＜0.05).Median progression-free survival of experimental group was 6.5 months,significantly higher than 2.9 months of control group(P＜0.01).Marrow suppression in control group was more serious than in experimental group(P＜0.05).And no significant difference was found between groups in other adverse reactions(P＞0.05).Conculsion Individual chemotherapy had a better clinical curative effect than routine chemotherapy in patients with cervical cancer recurrence or continuous after radiation and chemotherapy.

Objective Analysis of breast cancer epidemiological characteristics of high-risk groups in urban women,which will provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of breast cancer.Methods 24016 urban women were screened for breast cancer based on the questionnaire survey,physical examination,Doppler ultrasound and molybdenum x-ray examination.The data of screening were systematic collected and analyzed.Results Among 24016 women,a total of 1890 women were evaluated as high-risk group by questionnaire survey in advance,of which 14 cases with breast cancer were screened out and the rate was 58.3/100000.In the process of univariate analysis,we founded that there was statistic difference for detectable rate of breast cancer in different drinking habit,psychological depression,age for menstruation,age at first birth,duration for breastfeeding,and family history of breast cancer.Multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors for breast cancer in this cohort were frequent alcohol consumption(OR=2.31,95%CI:1.53~4.17),psychological depression(OR=3.20,95%CI:1.20~8.34),duration for breastfeeding≤12 months(OR=2.49,95%CI:1.23~5.18),and family history of breast cancer.Conclusion Screening in high-risk groups is an efficient and economic way for screening of breast cancer.Women with frequent alcohol consumption,psychological depression,duration for breastfeeding≤12 months,and family history of breast cancer should be given special attention in the process of breast cancer screening.

Objective To understand the cancer prevention configuration and management conditions of people,money and material in Handan,find out a way to strengthen the prevention and control of cancer.Methods Based on annual disease control information inquiries and developing discussions among the related staff,comprehensive research on the personnel,equipment,funding,and working conditions in cancer prevention institutions,propose measures for cancer prevention.Results The proportion of employee for cancer prevention and control personnel was 4.55% in disease prevention and control staff;Cancer prevention institutions were only available in two counties,accounting for 9.09% of all the counties(cities,districts)in Handan.Investment of equipment and funding was involved only one county(SheXian),which accounting for 4.55% of all the counties(cities,districts).Conclusion Measures to improve cancer control and care should include strengthening the institutions construction for chronic disease prevention and control,adding cancer prevention and control institutions in cities and counties,improving the cancer prevention and control system,setting up input mechanisms for cancer prevention expenditures and imparting knowledge on cancer prevention.

Solitary bone plasmacytoma is a kind of tumor characterized by abnormal plasma cells of monoclonal proliferation of malignant tumor.The disease is mainly observed by a single bone destruction common in clinically and accounts for about 5% of all plasma cell malignancy.Occurrence at the bottom of collar bone is clinically rare.The diagnosis is difficult and easy to be misdiagnosed.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)are a heterogeneous mixture of immature myeloid cells,with complex phenotype and composition,harboring the ability of immune suppression in tumor microenvironment,and they mainly inhibit the function of T cells.In the development and progression of lung caner,elevated number of function activated MDSCs,arisen by various abnormal expressing cytokines,take part in tumor immune suppression microenvironment establishing so that malignant cells growth can be accelerated.Monitoring the quantity and function of MDSCs plays an important role in assessing lung neoplasm prognosis.Benefits for lung carcinoma treatment have been proved from a series of intervening measure aiming to impact MDSCs.Moreover,these means also produced a promising prospect for the prevention of primary and metastatic lung cancer.

Colorectal cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignant disease.Its incidence and mortality rates are elevated.In recent years,chemical plant extracts has attracted considerable attention in the chemical prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.Studies found that ellagic acid and its gut microbiota metabolite have the effect on colorectal cancer.The mechanisms are closely related to promoting tumor cell apoptosis and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation,blocking the cell cycle,inhibiting tumor angiogenesis,reversing resistance and enhancing the sensitivity of chemotherapy drug.In this paper,the latest research progress and the mechanisms of the ellagic acid and its gut microbiota metabolite on the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer are reviewed.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)is one of the most thoroughly studied human proto-oncogene.In previous studies,overexpression of HER-2 was observed in breast,ovarian,gastric,and many other cancers,as a result,which became the ideal target of drug development.Compared with traditional chemotherapy drugs,targeted drugs and inhibitors could better improve the patients prognosis and survival rate,as well as the safety and efficacy.This paper summarizes the research status of HER-2 positive tumors targeted drugs and treatment progress,which can provide useful references for HER-2 drug development and clinical treatment.

The technique of molecular imaging of breast cancer has made great advances in recent years,more and more specific targets were found.This article compares several successful breast cancer targets of molecular imaging with SPECT,such as MDM2,γH2AX,Annexin V and HER-2 etc.This paper reviews the research status of these targets and imaging techniques to lay the foundation for further progress of molecular imaging for breast cancer with SPECT.

In recent years,treatment which targeting abnormal biological activity in oncogenesis and tumor progression developed with better understanding of the mechanism of oncogenesis and general progress in molecular biology.Studies have indicated that targeting drugs can inhibit the activity of tumor growth,and has a synergistic effect with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Combined treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy is often used to treat a variety of tumors.However,the application of the combined treatment has been limited by its significant toxic and side effects.The emergence of targeting therapy enabled a new strategy in the treatment of malignant tumors with its combination with radiotherapy.Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is the most widely researched and applied target of targeting drugs.This review discusses the combined treatment of EGFR-targeting drugs and radiotherapy,and the relationship between EGFR and radio-sensitivity.

KIF14 as kinesin superfamily(KIFS)member,by adjusting the mitotic spindle formation,chromosome separation and cytokinesis completion,thereby promotes tumor development and progression.KIF14 abnormalities has been demonstrated in a variety of human malignancies,enhanced its role can affect the mitosis process and result in the occurrence of tumor;To reduce its effect can lead to inactivation of the kinase AKT,thereby reducing the migration of cells and promote apoptosis.In addition,the lack of KIF14 may also enhance tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy.In summary,KIF14 played an important role in cancer development and progression.This paper reviews the relationship between KIF14 and malignant tumors.

Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),as a critical factor in angiogenesis,its polymorphisms may influence the occurrence,development and prognosis of breast cancer.With the perspective of gene polymorphism,the prediction in the prognosis of breast cancer and the therapeutic effect of anti-VEGF drugs is of great significance.Therefore,the relations of VEGF gene polymorphism and breast cancer were summarized in this paper.