Objective To investigate the prognostic factors of survival time of the Uygur and Han nationality elderly patients(over 60 years)with pancreatic cancer in Xinjiang.Methods We carried on a retrospective study of 313 aged patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 1st,2003 to May 30th,2015.We used Kpalan-Meier method for calculation of survival,used Log-rank method for those factors which could affect the prognosis of patients,at last we used Cox proportional risk model for those multiple factors which match the role.Results Three hundred and thirteen cases with pancreatic cancer had a median survival of 157 days,and survival rates of half a year,1 and 2 year were 34.8%,18.5%,7.0%.There was a statistic difference between Uygur patients′ and Han patients′ survival time(P＜0.05).Single factor analysis showed the nationality,tumor size,surgery,ZPS(ECOG),Clinical stage(TNM),chemotherapy and radiotherapy,carcino-embryonic antigen(CEA)level and cancer antigen 199(CA199)level before treatment with outcome(P＜0.05).Multiple factor analysis showed that the clinical stage,surgery(P＜0.05)can be regarded as independent prognostic decision factors.Conclusion The clinical staging,surgical treatment could be regarded as independent prognostic factors for the elderly prognosis of pancreatic cancer.Both of the Han and Uygur patients,earlier discovered and more appropriate surgery treatment are the key for the elderly patients with pancreatic cancer.

Objective To explore the applied value of urine light chain κ、λ and κ/λ ratio test in older people with B cell malignant proliferative disease.Methods Young volunteers,general older patients,kidney failure older patients and older patients with B cell malignant proliferative disease were selected and immunoephelometry method was applied to detect the level of urine light chain κ、λ and κ/λ ratio.Result The average levels(mg/L)of urine light chain κ and λ in older patients with kidney failure group(172.00±188.10,111.50±109.32)were higher than that in general older patients group(32.72±33.60,15.02±15.58).In each of the older patients groups,the levels of urine light chain κ and λ were higher than that in young volunteers groups(9.30±5.80,4.97±2.61).The κ/λ ratios of urine light chain in older patients with kidney failure group(1.59±0.4),general older patients group(2.19±0.54)and young volunteers group(1.92±0.48)were consistent,however,it was significantly abnormal in older patients with B cell malignant proliferative disease group,the ratio was high in κ type(44.8±83.17)and low in λ type(0.06±0.08).After effective treatment,κ/λ ratio of urine light chain in older patients with B cell malignant proliferative disease tended to normal.Conclusion The level of urine light chain κ and λ is effected by renal function,but not involved the κ/λ ratio.B cell malignant proliferative disease significantly affects the κ/λ ratio of urine light chain.Constantly monitoring the change of κ/λ ratio of urine light chain in older peoples with B cell malignant proliferative disease can reflect the proliferative degree of malignant B cell in vivo.

Objective To evaluate the advantage and disadvantage of IMRT,we established this Meta-analysis which gives service to clinical therapy.Methods Clinical researches of dosimetric comparisons between CRT and IMRT for conservative-breast therapy were obtained from the Pubmed,Science,EMbase,CNKI(Zhong Guo Zhi Wang)and Wan Fang databases up to April 2015.The data calculated and analyzed using the StataSE 12.0 software.Results Twelve researches were included.Comparing to CRT,IMRT significantly decreased the homogeneity index(HI)(SMD=1.102,95%CI:0.699~1.504,P＜0.001).IMRT significantly lowered the lung V20,lung V30,heart V30 and heart V40,whileas the lung V5,lung V10 and heart V5 were not lowered.Conclusion Comparing to CRT,IMRT achieves better homogeneity of dose distribution and reduces irradiated volumes of heart and lung in high-dose areas without decreases irradiated volumes in low-dose areas,which provides evidence to choose valuable clinical technique.

Objective To explore the clinical efficiency and safety of radiofrequency ablation combined with Tegafur,Gimeracil and Oteracil Porassium Capsules(S-1 capsules)for hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Sixty HCC patients included in this study were underwent initial radiofrequency ablation and then they were divided into RFA+S-1 group and RFA control group according to the metronomic chemotherapy either with S-1 or not.The local tumor control and disease free survival outcome between the two groups were compared.Results Follow-up observation showed that the total control rate after 9 months′ treatment was 93.3% in RFA+S-1 group vs.73.4% in RFA control group(P=0.038).During the 18 months of follow up,the median time for disease free survival was 16.25 months in RFA+S-1 group vs.12.25 months in RFA control group(P＜0.001).One-year progression free survival rate in RFA group was 53.3%,which was significantly lower than the RFA + S-1 group(83.3%)(P=0.012).The major complication rate was 13.3%.No procedu rerelated death or severe complications occurred.Conclusion Metronomic chemotherapy with S-1 following initial radiofrequency ablation delays tumor progression and prolongs overall survival of patients with HCC tumors.

Objective To investigate the effect of microRNA-204(miR-204)on autophagy in U251.Methods Inhibition of miR-204 in U251 cell lines was done by transfection of miR-204 inhibitor(AMO-204).Cell viability was detected by MTT assay.The autophagy of U251 was tested by immunofluorescence technique.The protein level of Beclin 1,LC3 and Bcl-2 was detected by Western blot.Results Cell viability was markedly increased after inhibition of miR-204 in U251 cells.The number of autophagosome was decreased.The levels of Beclin 1 and LC3 were decreased,the protein level of Bcl-2 was significant increased by transfection of AMO-204 in U251 cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion MiR-204 might at least in part promote glioma via inhibiton autophagy,indicating that miR-204 might be a potential target for the treatment of glioma.

Objective This paper aims to assess the clinical efficacy of pemetrexed maintenance therapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)through Meta analysis.Methods Systematic literature searches were performed in Cochrane、Pubmed,Web of science,Embase and ClinicalTrials databases.The related references had been traced.We made quality assessment of qualified randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of pemetrexed maintenance therapy compared with best supportive care(BSC)in advanced NSCLC.Besides,we utilized stata 12.0,Revman 5.3 and GRADEpro software to evaluate the overall quality of the evidence,according to the Cochrane collaboration to perform Meta-analysis.Results Three RCTs were eligible and included 1257 patients.Meta-analysis Results suggested that:compared to BSC,pemetrexed maintenance therapy had a statistically significant benefit in improving progression-free survival(PFS)(HR = 0.55,95% CI:0.48~0.64)and overall survival(HR=0.76,95%CI:0.65~0.88).The Objective response(ORR)did not reach statistical significance(RR=0.97,95%CI:0.86~1.10).Conclusion Compared with BSC,pemetrexed maintenance therapy statistically significantly improve PFS and OS,but has no demonstrable impact on ORR in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Objective To evaluate the effects of malignant ascites on the morphological characteristics and the proliferation and migration abilities of the tumor cell and ovarian cancer cell lines(SKOV3)in the ovarian cancerous ascites.Methods Tumor cells extracted from the ovarian cancerous ascites were cultured in vitro with DMEM high glucose culture medium,and ovarian cancer cell lines(SKOV3)were cultured in DMEM high glucose and DMEM high glucose with different proportion of malignant ascites.The morphological characteristics of the cells were observed by optical microscope and electron microscope respectively.Cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK kit;The effect of SKOV3 on the migration of ovarian cancer cell lines was measured by scratch test.Results The morphological characteristics of tumor cells and ovarian cancer cell lines(SKOV3)in ovarian cancer ascites were significantly different.The proliferation ability of tumor cells was decreased without the ascites.The proliferation and migration abilities of SKOV3 cultured in mixed culture medium were significantly improved compared with the cells cultured in high glucose medium.Conclusion The change of tumor cell morphology in ascites benefits its abilities of proliferation and migration.The malignant ascites promote the abilities of proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cell line(SKOV3).

To explore the clinic characters,treatments and prognosis of patients with primary bone lymphoma(PLB).The clinical symptoms,signs,X-ray features,pathological morphology,immunophenotype and treatment of 7 patients with PLB were analyzed retrospectively and the pertinent literatures were reviewed.The Results showed that the main complains of 7 cases of PBL were local pain.The CT showed osteolytic bone destruction and soft tissue swelling.There were 3 cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma,1 case of Burkitt-type lymphoma,1 case of periferal T-cell lymphoma,1 case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma,and 1 case of Hodgkins lymphoma.2 patients presented with stage Ⅰ,4 with stage Ⅱ,and 1 with stage 3.The therapeutic procedure includes local radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and targeted therapy.The clinical presentation of PLB is not special.The diagnosis and identification of histological type of PLB should be established by histopathological and immunohistochemistry examinations.Early diagnosis and active therapy could improve the prognosis of PLB.Combination therapy including radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the optimal treatment for PLB.

Decorin(DCN)is one of the leucine-rich proteoglycan family of small molecules.It is recognized as a tumor suppressor gene.DCN can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and metastasis by binding and inactivation of transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)and inhibiting the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor or by activating the signaling pathway that promotes cell proliferation by EGFR/MAPK/p21.it plays an important effect on tumor development,angiogenesis and metastasis.DCN is expressed in various malignant tumors,By up or down regulation,DCN can exert its anti tumor activity,as well as reducing or delaying the occurrence and development of many kinds of malignant tumor.DCN gene may be a potential target for the treatment of many kinds of malignant tumors.

MicroRNA-7(miR-7)was firstly found in Drosophila melanogaster,which participated in the formation of Drosophila wings,eggs and so on.In human being miR-7 is not only involved in cell proliferation and differentiation,but also plays an important role in the development of tumor,especially in lung cancer.Most studies report that miR-7 is low expression in lung cancer with poor prognosis.Improving the expression of miR-7 can inhibit tumor growth.MiR-7 can regulate the expression of BCL-2,EGFR negatively,meanwhile it can regulate the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy chemotherapy and targeted therapy.Therefore,as a tumor suppressor,miR-7 is expected to become a new target for treatment of lung cancer.

Early tumor shrinkage(ETS)is defined as the reduction rate of tumor volume evaluated in early treatment.In recent years,mutiple studies have demonstrated that ETS predicted tumor prognosis well,it can be used as an important predictor of prognosis.Finding a predictor in the early phase of treatment can optimize treatment regimens and ameliorate the prognosis of tumor.We summarize the research progress of the relationship between ETS and prognosis.

Girdin protein is a kind of actin binding protein,which has the complex molecular structure and takes part in a variety of signaling pathways related with causing cancer.The biological characteristics of Girdin protein have close association with the proliferation and invasion of malignant tumor.Recent studies have shown that Girdin protein is closely related with occurrence and progress of breast cancer.Girdin protein expression in breast cancer cells can not only promote the progress of breast cancer,but also affect the lymph node metastasis and prognosis.Therefore Girdin protein is expected as an independent biomarker to provide a new direction for breast cancer treatment.

In recent years,considerable progress has been made in the treatment of hematologic malignancies.However,most patients will eventually relapse and suffer from severe side effects caused by chemotherapy or radiation.Thus,as a well tolerated,safe,effective and innovative therapy,adoptive cellular immunotherapy emerges at this very moment.This therapy can kill tumors or control recurrence by reinfusing the in vitro amplificated or treated immune effective cells into the patients.It has been actively used in the treatment of various hematological malignancies and achieved significant effects,which brings hope for more and more patients with relapsed or refractory hematological diseases.

Recently,targeted therapy plays an important role in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.Crizotinib,the first generation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)tyrosine kinase inhibitor,has been approved for the treatment of ALK-rearranged NSCLC in the US since 2011.However,the crizotinib therapy is effective only in the early stage of treatment.After a long time treatment,therapy resistance will follow because of the emerging second mutation of the tumor cell.In recent years,as the second generation of anaplastic lymphoma kinase tyrosine kinase inhibitor,alectinib has been approved in Japan for the treatment of ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients.Thus,research progress of Alectinib for NSCLC therapy is summarized in this article.

The RB1 gene is the first tumor suppressor gene identified whose mutational inactivation is the cause of a human cancer,the pediatric cancer retinoblastoma.As a negative regulator of the cell cycle,RB1 gene could regulate the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation through binding to transcription factor E2F.Among these,RB1 has been implicated in the regulation of apoptosis.RB1 knockdown has been shown to enhance the sensitivity to cell death induced by different anticancer agents.RB1 dual role in proliferation and apoptosis underlies malignant tumor occurrence,development and resistance totherapy.

When the body is attacked by trauma and infection,the serum C-reactive protein(CRP)concentration which is produced by the liver will increase.CRP participates in the body′s humoral immunity through regulating the phagocytic cells to clear the pathogenic bacteria and necrotic tissue.The occurrence and development of malignant tumor is associated with complex inflammatory response pathway.Serum CRP concentration will change with the progress and remission of tumor.CRP is associated with differentiation of benign and malignant,the early diagnosis,the pathological stage,the lymph node metastasis,the organizational characteristics,the prognosis,and the treatment of malignant tumor.It is expected to be a clinical screening indicator of malignant tumor.

Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)are transcribed RNA molecules more than 200 nt in length,without protein coding capacity.In recent years,emerging evidence has shown that lncRNAs act as key regulators of multiple cancers.LncRNA is possible to be a new focus for cancer treatment.Until now,only a few papers about lncRNA had been reported in head neck tumor.In this review,we report the development of lncRNA in head neck tumorbased on the latest studies.

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world.Non-small lung cancer(NSCLC)accounts for approximately 85%,but its pathogenesis has not been elucidated.As a family of soluble enzymes,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)can degrade the constituents of the extracellular matrix(ECM)and the basement-membrane,members share common structural features and are responsible for the relative specific substrates.Some researches show that the matrix metalloproteinases 7(MMP-7)involve in the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC,the expression of MMP-7 in the tissue of NSCLC is significcantly higher than that in adjacent tissues,and the MMP-7 plays important roles in prognosis evaluation of NSCLC patients.Therefore this paper summarize the domain structure,function,regulation and research in NSCLC about MMP-7.