Objective The aim of this study was to explore whether the down-regulation of tumor suppressor gene PRDM5 is one of the mechanisms of HPV16 virus infection leading to cervical cancer. Methods The expressions of PRDM5 protein and HPV16 E6/HPV18 E6 protein in cervical cancer tissues and normal cervical tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.After transfected with HPV16 E6 shRNA plasmid, the expression of PRDM5 gene was detected in SiHa cells by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results The positive expression rate of HPV 16/18 E6 in cervical cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal cervical tissues.The expression level of PRDM5 protein in cervical cancer tissues was lower than that in normal cervical tissues.After HPV16 E6 shRNA3 was transfected into SiHa cells to interfere with the expression of HPV16 E6 gene, the expression of PRDM5 at mRNA and protein levels was up-regulated in SiHa cells. Conclusion PRDM5 may mediate the development of cervical cancer caused by HPV16 virus infection.

Objective The Objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of MDM2 inhibitor Nultin-3 combined with cisplatin on human oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)Tca8113 cells and its mechanism. Methods Human OSCC Tca8113 cells were treated with Nultin-3, cisplatin, Nultin-3 combined with cisplatin, or vehicle control groups.The proliferation of Tca8113 cells was determined by thiazolyl blue(MTT)assay.The expression of MDM2, P53, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 protein was determined by Western blot. Results The proliferative rate of OSCC ca8133 cells treated with Nultin-3 combined with cisplatin was significantly lower than that of other groups(P＜0.05).The relative expression of Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and P53 protein in the Nultin-3 combined with cisplatin was significantly higher than those of the Nultin-3 and cisplatin alone groups(P＜0.05).In addition, the relative expression of MDM2 protein in the Nultin-3 combined with cisplatin group was significantly lower than that of the cisplatin and Nultin-3 alone groups(P＜0.05). Conclusion Nultin-3 combined with cisplatin has synergistic effect on oral squamous cell carcinoma Tca8113 cells.Nultin-3 regulates the MDM2-p53 signaling pathway and up-regulates the expression of proapoptotic proteins Caspase-9 and Casapase-3 to enhance the inhibition of cisplatin on oral squamous cell carcinoma, providing a solid theoretical basis for clinical research and treatment.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor effect on sequential injection of heterogeneic lymphocyte(HL)and autogeneic lymphocyte(AL). Methods The HL was prepared by using CC3HF1 mice as feeders.CB6F1 mice were used as recipients, and Hepa1-6 cells were inoculated into the recepients′ groin subcutis.A cryoprecipitate was extracted from mouse plasma by freeze-thaw method to prepare fibrin Glue(FG);FG was combined with HL or AL to be FG-HL or FG-AL.The experimental treatment consisted of two stages.At first stage(15 d), FG-HL were injected on the surface of the tumor-bearing tissue of the recipients as the experimental group, and FG-phosphate buffer saline(FG-PBS)were injected on the surface of the tumor-bearing tissue of the rest recipients as the control group.The immunological factors such as tumor cell killing rate of the spleen lymphocytes and numbers of lymphocytes, CD8⁺T and NK in the two groups were detected, respectively.At later stage(10 d), a part of mice were randomly selected from the experimental and control groups, and the lymphocytes(AL)were used to form FG-AL, which were injected on the surface of tumor-bearing tissues in the rest of mice.Tumors in mice of the two groups were compared for tumor volume and tumor inhibition rate. Results The tumor cell killing rate of AL in the experimental group(26.70±7.22) was significantly higher than that in the control group(5.70±2.68)(P＜0.01).Numbers of mouse spleen lymphocytes, CD8⁺T cells and NK cells were significantly higher than the corresponding values of the control group(P＜0.05).After the two-stage treatment, the average tumor volume of the experimental group[(1.20±0.33)cm³]was significantly smaller than that of control group[(2.05±0.37)cm³](P＜0.01).The tumor inhibition rate in the experiment group was 41.5% when compared to the control group. Conclusion Local injections of FG-HL followed by FG-AL can significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted tumor in mice;it is expected to become an anti-tumor biological therapy.

Objective The Objective of this study was to investigate the proliferation, autophagy and the potential mechanism of Ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1(UHRF1)in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Methods The expression of UHRF1 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was determined by the bioinformatics website(TCGA).The expression of UHRF1 in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines(PC-9, A549 and H1299)and human bronchial epithelial cells(16HBE)was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.After transfection of UHRF1-shRNA, CCK-8, clone formation and ki67 were performed to detect the changes in the proliferative capacity of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.Western blot was used to detect the changes of autophagy-associated proteins(LC3-I/II and Beclin-1)and proliferation-related proteins(CDK6, Rb and PCNA).Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the effect of UHRF1 on autophagosomes in A549 cells. Results The expression of UHRF1 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues.Compared with normal bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells, the mRNA and protein levels of UHRF1 in lung adenocarcinoma A549 and H1299 cells were significantly increased.In addition, CCK-8 assay and colony formation experiments showed that silencing UHRF1 reduced the growth of A549 cells.Ki-67 immunofluorescence staining showed that the proliferation ability of A549 cells after knocking out UHRF1 was significantly lower than that in the normal control group.Furthermore, knockdown of UHRF1 resulted in an increased expression of CKD6 and PCNA proteins in comparison with the control-siRNA group.The expression of Rb protein was down-regulated in the UHRF1-siRNA group.Silencing UHRF1 increased the ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, induced up-regulation of Beclin-1 expression and promoted the formation of autophagic bodies in A549 cells. Conclusion UHRF1 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma, and silencing UHRF1 can inhibit proliferation.This effect may be regulated by promoting autophagy.

Objective The Objective of this study was to explore the effect of astragalin on human ovarian cancer OVCAR-8 cells in 2 D and 3 D culture conditions and its possible mechanism. Methods CCK-8 assay was use to detect the effect of astragalin on the proliferation of OVCAR-8 cells in 2 D culture conditions.The 3 D cell proliferation activity assay kit was used to detect the effect of astragalin on OVCAR-8 cells in 3 D culture conditions.Cell apoptosis kit was used to detect the cell apoptosis rate after astragaline treatment.In addition, Western blot was used to detect the levels of apoptosis related proteins such as Bcl2(B-cell lymphoma 2), Bax(Bcl-2-associated X protein), cleaved-caspase-3 and glycolysis related proteins such as Glut-1(Glucose transporter-1), Glut3, HK2(Hexokinase 2), PDK-1(Pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase-1), PDK3 and HIF-1α(hypoxia-inducible factor-1α)in OVCAR-8 cells after astragaline treatments in 2 D and 3 D culture conditions.HK2 activity was detected in OVCAR-8 cells by Elisa. Results Astragaline at doses of 4~100 μmol/L significantly inhibited the proliferation of OVCAR-8 cells in 2 D culture conditions, and showed a dose-and time-dependent manner(P＜0.05).Astragalin significantly inhibited the proliferation of OVCAR-8 cells in 3 D culture conditions(P＜0.05).Astragalin also significantly inhibited the migration ability of OVCAR-8 cells(P＜0.05).In addition, astragaline significantly increased apoptosis rate, decreased the levels of Bcl2, Glut1, Glut3, HK2, PDK1 and PDK3 proteins and increased the levels of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins in OVCAR-8 cells both in 2 D and 3 D culture conditions(P＜0.05).Astragaline significantly decreased the expression of HIF-1α in OVCAR-8 cells in 3 D culture conditions(P＜0.05).In addition, astragalin decreased HK2 activity in OVCAR-8 cells under 2 D culture conditions in a dose-dependent manner(P＜0.05). Conclusion Astragalin has an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of OVCAR-8 cells both in 2 D and 3 D culture conditions.Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting glycolytic and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathways induced by HIF-1α.

Objective The Objective of this study were to investigate the effects of miR-219 on cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis and the correlation between PRKCI and miR-219 expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Methods The luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the predicted target gene.The expression of PRKCI in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells overexpressed exogenous miR-219 was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.Finally, the reverse effects of PRKCI on the proliferation, clone formation, migration and invasion ability were examined in stable overexpressing miR-219 tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)cells by MTT assay, cell plate cloning assay, scratch assay and Transwell chamber assays.qRT-PCR assay was used to determine the expression of PRKCI gene and miR-219 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma tissues, and the relationship between PRKCI and miR-219 was further analyzed. Results The bioinformatics analysis predicted that the downstream target gene of miR-219 was PRKCI.The double luciferase reporter gene assay showed that miR-219 was able to reduce the fluorescence activity of the wild type PRKCI reporter vector.In addition, qRT-PCR and Western blot also showed that miR-219 could down-regulate the expression of PRKCI in TSCC cells.MTT results showed that overexpression of PRKCI could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-219 on the proliferation of TSCC cells, and further demonstrated that the overexpression of PRKCI could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-219 on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of TSCC cells by cell plate cloning, scratch and Transwell experiments. Conclusion MiR-219 plays a role in inhibiting tumor by directly targeting PRKCI and negatively regulating the expression of PRKCI.miR-219 was negatively correlated with PRKCI expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein 1(TRAP1)in the progression of human esophageal cancer. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TRAP1 and S100A8 in human esophageal cancer tissues.A stably knocked-down TRAP1 cell line was established in the esophageal cancer KYSE150 cell line, the proliferation ability was detected by CCK-8, the transfer ability was detected by Transwell, and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.We conducted a gene profiling study to detect the expression of genes related to tumor progression.The expression of TRAP1 downstream genes-E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin and S100A8 was detected by Real-Time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results The expression of TRAP1 in esophageal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and correlated with S100A8(χ²=4.141, P＜0.001).The KYSE150 cell line with down-regulated of TRAP1(KYSE150-TRAP1)was established, and the expression of TRAP1 was down-regulated by 85%, cell invaded ability was decreased by 46%, no changes of cell proliferation and apoptosis were observed, when compared to the KYSE150 control cells.The expression level of E-cadherin was increased by 19%, and the expression level of S100A8 was decreased by 39% in KYSE150-TRAP1 cells. Conclusion TRAP1 is overexpressed in esophageal carcinoma and promotes the metastasis of esophageal carcinoma by regulating S100A8 expression.

Objective The Objective of this study was to explore the association between human papillomavirus(HPV)and prognosis of lung cancer by meta-analysis. Methods The PubMed, Embase and Cochrane literature databases studies were searched using a combination of subject terms and free words.As of October 2018, a total of 123 related documents were obtained.After screening the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the basic information of the study, HPV detection methods, lung cancer patients, hazard ratio(HR)values and 95% confidence interval(CI)were extracted from each study.The meta-analysis of random effects models was used to evaluate the correlation between HPV infection and prognosis in patients with lung cancer.Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q test and I² statistics, and publication bias was tested using Egger's linear regression test and Begg's rank correlation test. Results The study finally included 11 articles(9 in Asia, 2 in Europe and US), and 1439 patients with lung cancer.Meta-analysis using a random-effects model showed no significant association between HPV infection and prognosis of lung cancer(HR=0.90, 95% CI:0.71~1.13).A stratified analysis of lung cancer pathological subtypes showed that the prognosis of patients with HPV-infected lung adenocarcinoma was significantly better than that in patients without HPV-infected lung adenocarcinoma(HR=0.65, 95% CI:0.49~0.85).Sensitivity analysis was performed by sequentially removing the included studies, and the results were not statistically significant.The results of Egger's test(P=0.708)and Begg's test(P=0.784)suggest that there is no publication bias in this study. Conclusion HPV infection may be related to the prognostic of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.More basic and clinical studies are needed to further explore the association between HPV infection and lung adenocarcinoma as well as the corresponding mechanisms in the future.

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the expression of Pim-1 in primary hepatocellular carcinoma(PHC)and its clinical significance. Methods Immunohistochemical staining(IHC)was used to detect the expression of Pim-1 in 122 cases of PHC tissues, corresponding paracancer tissues, and 85 normal liver tissues.The relationship between the expression of Pim-1 protein and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed retrospectively.K-M method was used to analyze the effect of different Pim-1 expression on the survival time of PHC patients.Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze risk factors affecting survival time in patients with PHC. Results The total positive expression rate of Pim-1 protein in PHC tissues was 88.5%, which was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and normal liver tissues(P＜0.05).Univariate statistical analysis showed that patients with high expression of Pim-1 protein had poor preoperative liver function, more tumors, larger tumor diameter, high incidence of lymph node metastasis and high TNM stage(P＜0.05).Survival analysis suggested that the survival time of patients in the low expression group was significantly longer than that in the high expression of Pim-1 group(P＜0.05).Multivariate statistical analysis showed that high expression of Pim-1 protein was an independent risk factor for survival time in patients with PHC(P＜0.001). Conclusion The expression level of Pim-1 in PHC tissues is significantly increased, which is related to the clinical progress of PHC and the survival time of patients.Pim-1 overexpression indicates the poor prognosis of PHC patients.

Objective The aims of this study were to compare the different expression between high-risk human papillomavirus load(HR-HPV DNA)and Th1/Th2 type cytokines in local different microenvironments of cervix, and to explore the possibility and significance of predicting cervical cancer. Methods A total of 339 patients with persistent HR-HPV infection were divided into cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)and cervical cancer.Forty patients with HPV-negative and cytological examination of normal cervix were used as controls.PCR fluorescence assay and double antibody sandwich were used.ELISA assay were used to detect HPV-DNA and Th1 type cytokines including IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-ɑ and Th2 type cytokines including IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 from cervical secretion.The ratio of TNF-ɑ/IL-10 was used as an index to measure the immune balance of Th1/Th2.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to analyze the data and then to screen the predicting indicators of cervical cancer. Results Univariate analysis showed that HR-HPV DNA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-ɑ and TNF-ɑ/IL-10 were significantly different between CIN and cervical cancer groups(P＜0.05), which could be used as a risk factor for predicting cervical cancer.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that IL-10, IFN-γ, TNF-ɑ, TNF-ɑ/IL-10 were the influencing factors of cervical cancer.The regression model fitted goodness test was Nagelkerke(R²= 0.982), the pre-judgment rate for CIN was 99.5%, the pre-judgment rate of cervical cancer was 100%, and the total positive rate was 99.7%, suggesting good fitting effect was good and the prediction accuracy was high. Conclusion CINⅠ and CINⅡ have abnormal expression of Th cytokine, but they do not affect Th1/Th2 balance.Th1/Th2 imbalance in CINⅢ stage and Th2 dominant expression promote the occurrence of cervical cancer.Based on the regression model for predicting cervical carcinogenesis, cervical immunity caused inhibitory microenvironment by local immune imbalance is the key link in HR-HPV persistent infection and cervical cancer, and has nothing to do with HR-HPV DNA.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of miR-320a and cephalospermoma syndrome protein(CYLD)in patients with gastric cancer and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Methods A total of 460 patients with gastric cancer underwent tumor resection in our hospital from March 2013 to November 2014 were enrolled.Tumor tissues, non-tumor gastric mucosa tissues and normal tissues were collected.The expression of miR-320a and CYLD at levels of mRNA and protein were detected by Real-Time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.The relationship between the expression of miR-320a and CYLD, and the clinicopathological features & prognosis of gastric cancer patients was analyzed. Results The relative expression of miR-320a and CYLD at the mRNA level in tumor tissues was(0.37±0.09), (0.91±0.23), and the relative expression in non-tumor tissues was(0.86±0.15), (1.56±0.42), respectively.The relative expression of miR-320a and CYLD mRNA in tumor tissues was significantly different from non-tumor tissues(t=60.078, 29.113, P=0.000), the positive expression rate of CYLD protein in tumor tissues was 43.48% when compared to 73.91% in non-tumor tissues.The difference was statistically significant(χ²=86.624, P=0.003).The expression level of miR-320a was significantly associated with the diameter of the tumor and lymph node metastasis(χ²=25.859 and 13.742, P＜0.05).The expression of CYLD was also significantly associated with the TNM stage and degree of tumor differentiation(χ²=37.725 and 59.323, P＜0.05).The median survival of patients with low miR-320a expression(20.36 months, 95% CI:19.252~21.462 months)and those with high miR-320a expression(28.29 months, 95% CI:27.158~29.412 months)were statistically significant(χ²=87.967, P＜0.001).The median survival of patients with CYLD negative expression(17.70 months, 95% CI:16.599~18.796 months)and those with CYLD positive expression(26.74 months, 95% CI:25.474~27.997 months)were statistically significant(χ²=109.887, P＜0.001);The median survival of patients with the co-expressed miR-320a and CYLD was(29.01 months, 95% CI:26.831~28.946 months)and those with the non-co-expressed miR-320a and CYLD(17.13 months, 95% CI:17.214~19.568 months)were statistically significant(χ²=117.680, P＜0.001).There showed a positive correlation between the expression of miR-320a and CYLD at mRNA level(r=0.607, P＜0.001);miR-320a at the low expression, CYLD at the negative expression, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis and degree of tumor differentiation were independent risk factors for the prognosis of gastric cancer(HR=1.939, 2.180, 1.561, 1.719, 1.608, 95% CI:1.141~3.295, 1.252~3.796, 1.014~2.403, 1.115~2.650, 1.097~2.357, respectively)(P＜0.05). Conclusion The expressions of miR-320a and CYLD in tumor tissues of patients with gastric cancer is significantly decreased, which is related to the occurrence and development of diseases, and poor prognosis.It is a potential target for diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

Objective The Objective of this was to investipate study the prognostic and influence factors in patients with transanal local resection for stage T₁ rectal cancer with the distance from anal margin ≤8 cm. Methods A fotal of patients with 180 rectal cancer of stage T₁ with the distance from anal margin ≤8 cm from March 2010 to March 2014 were Retrospective analysed, and there were 90 cases received the local resection of rectal cancer as the observation group and 90 patients with the T₁ stage who underwent radical resection of rectal cancer as the control group.The postoperative recovery effects were compared between the abservation and control groups.The rates of 3-year overall survival and progression-free survival were recorded.The prognostic influence factors of rectal cancer patients at the stage T₁ with the distance from the anal margin ≤8 cm after transanal local resection were analyzed. Results The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative anal exhaust time, postoperative hospitalization stay and postoperative complications were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There were no significant difference in overall survival and progression free survival between the two groups(χ²= 0.896, 0.358;P=0.344, 0.550).Logistic multivariate analysis showed that age, degree of differentiation and cutting edge properties were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with rectal cancer who were ≤8 cm from the anal margin(P＜0.05). Conclusion Transanal local resection for patients with rectal cancer T₁ stage from distance to anal margin can achieve similar prognostic benefits as radical surgery, and it can promote early recovery after surgery.Age, tumor differentiation and marginal properties are independent factors, which affected the prognosis of the patients undergoing surgery.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the application and clinical value of ultra-fine nasal endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract stenosis. Methods A retrospectively investigation of 160 cases of nasogastricoscopy in esophageal, gastroduodenal and colorectal stenosis lesions, the detection rate of lesions under the stenosis and endoscopic treatment were analyzed from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. Results In 102 cases of diagnostic examination, the passing rates of nasogastricoscopy in esophageal, gastroduodenum and colorectal stenosis were 76.92%, 50.00% and 88.00%, respectively.In the cases which the endoscope could successfully pass the stenotic lesions, the detection rates of new lesions below the stenosis were 8.89%, 0 and 27.78%, respectively, in esophageal, gastroduodenum and colorectal stenosis.A total of 58 cases of digestive tract stenosis were treated with endoscopic gastroscopy.Among them, 46 cases had stenosis and the pass rate was 79.31%. Conclusion Ultra-fine nasal endoscopy can significantly improve the completeness and accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis in patients with digestive tract stenosis that cannot be passed by standard gastrointestinal endoscopy.It can also be used for endoscopic treatment of digestive tract stenosis.

Lung cancer is the most malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality.It is also a global public health problem.China still has insufficient medical treatment and management of lung cancer.Telemedicine is different from the traditional medical model.It can use modern equipment and technology to collect, store, transmit, process and analyze the medical information.It uses a reasonable standard to screen lung cancer patients from high-risk groups, and then collaborates with experts to make diagnosis and treatment.It is helpful for the early diagnosis, precising treatment, comprehensive management of lung cancer, and facilitate the diagnosis and treatment process, health management of primary hospitals and individuals.This article reviews the applications and development prospects of telemedicine in diagnosis, grading diagnosis, mobile medical services, health management and follow-up of lung cancer.

In recent years, the incidence of cancer has shown a upward trend and has become one of the major diseases affecting human health and life safety.With the continuous improvement of diagnosis and treatment levels, the prognosis of cancer patients has been significantly improved, and its five-year survival rate has been significantly enhanced.Although the patient's life span has been extended, a series of problems have also arisen.The development of the tumor itself will involve other systems, and there are certain side effects during the treatment process, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which will lead to the corresponding lesions in other systems of patients, the most common is the cardiovascular system.Furthermore, with the improvement of life quality, there are also patients with cancers and cardiovascular diseases.This article reviews the research on the common molecular mechanisms of tumor and cardiovascular disease, the combination of clinical treatment and the intervention of common risk factors, and puts forward the prospect.

Reactive oxygen is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors.Manganese superoxide dismutase(MnSOD), as an antioxidant enzyme that scavenges superoxide anion in the mitochondrial matrix, plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial redox homeostasis and protecting mitochondrial DNA.Many studies have discovered that MnSOD has different expression levels in different tumors, and has both anti-cancer and cancer-promoting functions, but its functional conversion mechanism remains unclear.This article intends to investigate the role of MnSOD in tumorigenesis and development, and to review the main regulatory mechanisms of its expression level and activity.

Colon cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in the world, and its mechanism of occurrence and development is complex and has not yet been fully elucidated.The incidence and mortality of colon cancer are high, and the prognosis is poor, which possess a serious threat to human health.Zinc finger protein is a kind of transcription factor with zinc finger domain, which is widely involved in various biological activities in humans, especially in notable regulating gene expression.Zinc finger protein plays an important role in the molecular regulation of colon cancer development and is expected to the development of colon cancer as a new target of targeted therapy.In this paper, the recent research progress of zinc finger protein and colon cancer is reviewed.

The main metastatic pathway for cervical cancer is lymph node metastasis.Sentinel lymph nodes are the first site of lymph node metastasis.Lymph node metastasis is a result of lymph node micrometastasis.However, lymph node micrometastasis is usually neglected by traditional histopathology, and undetected lymph node micrometastases may lead to recurrence.This article will introduce the progress of research on sentinel lymph node micrometastasis in cervical cancer in recent years.

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3(CDKN3)is a dual specificity phosphatase belonging to the CDC14s family.It has important clinical significance for early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors.The mechanism of CDKN3 in tumorigenesis and development has not yet been determined.Through reviewing the current research results, this paper summarizes the research progress of CDKN3 in tumors from four aspects:cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and migration & invasion, CDKN3 mutant and its subcellular localization.The direction provides a reference to promote the clinical transformation of CDKN3 and improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors.