Objective The Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of polyene phosphatidylcholine(PPC)on the reversal of resistance to human oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines(SGC-7901/L-OHP)in nude mice and its mechanism.Methods The subcutaneous xenograft model of nude mouse was established with a secondary drug-resistant SGC-7901/L-OHP cell line and randomly divided into four groups:blank control group,oxaliplatin group,PPC group and oxaliplatin combined with PPC group.The mice were administered continuously for 14 days.After 21 days,the nude mice were sacrificed and the tumor tissues were removed.The tumor volume and inhibitory rate of tumor were recorded.The RNA and protein of tumor tissue were extracted from the resected tumor tissue.Real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)and western blot were used to examine the expression of TLR4,Nanog and ABCF2.Results After treatment,the proliferation of transplanted tumor cells in L-OHP group and L-OHP+PPC group was inhibited compared with the blank control group,P value was <0.001,the two drugs combined interaction,P=0.008;The volume inhibition rate of the L-OHP+PPC group was higher than that of the blank control group(P＜0.001)and the L-OHP group(P＜0.001).The mRNA expression of TLR4/Nanog/ABCF2 in L-OHP+PPC group was significantly different from that in the control group(TLR4:P＜0.001;Nanog:P＜0.001;ABCF2:P＜0.001);The mRNA expression of TLR4/Nanog/ABCF2 in L-OHP+PPC group was significantly different from that of L-OHP group(TLR4:P＜0.001;Nanog:P＜0.001;ABCF2:P＜0.001).The combination of the two drugs had an interaction effect on the mRNA expression of TLR4/Nanog/ABCF2(TLR4:P＜0.001;Nanog:P＜0.001;ABCF2:P＜0.001).The protein expression of TLR4/Nanog/ABCF2 in L-OHP+PPC group was significantly different from that in the control group(TLR4:P=0.006;Nanog:P=0.017;ABCF2:P=0.014);The protein expression of TLR4/Nanog/ABCF2 in L-OHP+PPC group was significantly different from that of L-OHP group(TLR4:P＜0.001;Nanog:P＜0.001;ABCF2:P＜0.001).The combination of the two drugs had an interaction effect on the protein expression of TLR4/Nanog/ABCF2,and the difference was statistically significant(TLR4:P=0.014;Nanog:P=0.01;ABCF2:P=0.015).Conclusion PPC has a reversal resistance to human gastric cancer-resistant oxaliplatin(SGC-7901/L-OHP)cell line in nude mouse,possibly by reducing TLR4,Nanog,ABCF2 at the levels of mRNA and proteins to reverses the drug resistance of human gastric cancer resistant cells.

Objective The aims of this study were to establish a radioresistant human lung cancer cell line H1975R,and to explore the role of miR-17 in the formation of radioresistance.Methods The lung cancer radioresistant cell line H1975R was established in vitro by continuous irradiation with gradient dose.The radiosensitivity of H1975R and H1975 cells was verified by colony formation assay.We determined the expression levels of miR-17 in parental cells and radioresistant cells by quantitative RT-PCR and The expression of miR-17 was up-regulated or down-regulated,and the changes in radiosensitivity were compared.Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.Flow cytometry was performed to determine apoptosis and cycle distribution.Results The radiobiological parameters(D₀,N,D_q and SF₂)of H1975R cells were greater than those in the H1975 cells(P＜0.05),indicating a stronger radioresistance.From the Results of RT-PCR,the expression level of miR-17 in H1975R cells was 2.67 times than that in H1975 cells(P＜0.01).After up-regulating expression of miR-17 in H1975 cells,its radiosensitivity was reduced,but the proliferation,anti-apoptosis and the proportion of cells in the G₂/M phase increased(P＜0.05).Similarly,after down-regulating expression of miR-17 in H1975R cells,the radiosensitivity increased,while the cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis ability decreased,and the proportion of cells in the G₂/M phase decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion miR-17 is involved in the regulation of radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer,which may become a new target for the treatment of radioresistance.

Objective The aim of this study was to observe the effects of overexpressing CDX2 gene on proliferation of human colon cancer HT-29 cell line and to explore its mechanism.Methods CDX2 was transfected into HT-29 cells by gene transfection technology,and stable transfected cell clones with stably expressing CDX2 gene were obtained by G418 selection.The expression of CDX2 was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting.The biological behavior of transfected cells were analyzed by methythiazoletertraolium(MTT)assay and flow cytometry.Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of cyclin D1 and NF-κB phosphorylation level in HT-29 cells with overexpressing CDX2 gene.Results A system for stably overexpressing CDX2 human colon cancer HT-29 cell line was established.Compared with the nontransfected and empty vector transfected HT-29 cells,the growth rate of the cells in the transfected CDX2 group was significantly slower(P＜0.05).The proportion of G₁/G₀ phase of cell cycle was significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the proportion of S phase was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the non-transfected and empty vector transfected cells,the expression of cyclin D1 and p-NF-κB activity were significant low in overexpressing CDX2 cells.Conclusion CDX2 gene may inhibit the proliferation of HT-29 cells through blocking the activity of NF-κB pathway and down-regulation of cyclin D1 protein expression.

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the pre-treatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and prognosis in patients with cervical cancer.Methods A total of 247 patients with cervical cancer who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy(ⅠB~ⅢB stage)admitted to the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University were enrolled.The clinical pathological data and follow-up records were retrospectively analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the predictive effect of NLR on the prognosis of patients before treatment.The relationship between clinicopathological data and NLR level was also analyzed.The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to assess the prognosis of patients.The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method,and the Cox proportional hazard model was established to analyze the prognostic factors.Results The Results of ROC curve showed that NLR had a good diagnostic value for the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer(AUC=0.591,P=0.014),the optimal cut-off value of NLR was 2.08,and the hazard ratio(HR)for overall survival(OS)and patients with high no progression in NLR Survival(PFS)was 2.469 and 2.663,respectively(P＜0.001);According to the high and low NLR group,levels of NLR were found to be significantly associated with survival,treatment regimen,clinical stage,and histological type in cervical cancer patients;OS and PFS time were significantly lower than that in the low NLR group(P＜0.001),and the pre-treatment NLR level in patients with PF regimen had a good prognosis for prognosis.Conclusion The levels of pre-treatment can be used as a prognostic risk assessment index for cervical cancer patients(especially PF chemotherapy).

Objective The Objective of this study was to investigate the expression of human leukocye antigen-G(HLA-G)in breast cancer patients and its role in the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.Methods HLA-G protein was isolated and purified,and hybridoma cell lines secreting anti-HLA-G monoclonal antibody were screened to obtain anti-HLA-G monoclonal antibody.The expression of HLA-G in 235 primary breast cancer tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.The relationship amongst HLA-G expression with various clinicopathological parameters,host immune response & survival rate was analyzed.Results The expression rate of HLA-G in breast cancer patients was 66%(155/235).The expression of HLA-G was related to tumor size,clinical TNM stage and lymph node metastasis.The survival rate of HLA-G negative patients was significantly higher than that of HLA-G positive patients.Conclusion HLA-G is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues.The expression of HLA-G is related to host immune response and prognosis of breast cancer.HLA-G is an independent factor affecting the prognosis of breast cancer patients.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the expression and clinical significance of serum miR-195 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of serum miR-195 in 100 patients with NSCLC and 90 normal healthy subjects.The clinical significance and significance of its expression in clinical analysis were analyzed.Results Compared with the healthy control group(4.52±1.17),the relative expression of serum miR-195 was decreased in patients with NSCLC(7.26±1.61)(P＜0.01).The relative expression of serum miR-195 in patients with Ⅲ~Ⅳ phase of NSCLC was lower than that in patients with I-II phase of NSCLC.The relative expression of serum miR-195 in patients with lymph node metastasis was lower than that in patients without lymph node metastasis.The relative expression of serum miR-195 in patients with distant metastasis was lower than that in patients without lymph node metastasis.They showed a significant difference(P＜0.05).However,the relative expression of serum miR-195 was not statistically different in patients between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma,and there was no statistical difference in highly differentiated,moderately differentiated,and poorly differentiated patients.Logistic regression analysis showed that serum miR-195 was significantly correlated with NSCLC(OR=0.526,95%CI:0.415~0.697,P=0.007).Area under ROC(AUC)of serum miR-195 was 0.875(95%CI:0.826~0.923,P=0.004)for the diagnosis of NSCLC.In addition,the NSCLC patients in the high miR-195 expression group was significantly longer the overall survival time than that of patients with low expression of miR-195 in serum(P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the serum miR-195 expression was an independent influence factor for NSCLC(HR=0.615,95%CI:0.324~0.783,P=0.011).Conclusion The expression of serum miR-195 is decreased in patients with NSCLC,and it is closely related to staging,lymphatic metastasis,distant metastasis and prognosis of NSCLC.Serum miR-195 is expected to be a molecular marker for potential early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of NSCLC.

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of TACC3 protein and p53 protein in primary liver cancer.Methods A total of 138 patients with primary liver cancer were enrolled in this study.The expression of TACC3 and p53 protein in normal tissues and primary liver cancer tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry.The relationships between the expression of TACC3 and p53 protein,and the clinicopathological parameters and prognosis were analyzed.Results The expression of TACC3 protein and p53 protein in primary liver cancer group was higher than those in the paracancerous group(P＜0.05).The positive rates of TACC3 and p53 in primary hepatocellular carcinoma group were higher than that in the paracancerous group(P＜0.05).The expression of TACC3 and p53 protein was not correlated with age(P＞0.05),but they were positively correlated with the TNM stage,pathological grade,recurrence,depth of invasion,lymphatic vascular infiltration,maximum diameter of tumor(≥5 cm)and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.01).The higher TNM stage,the pathological stage recurrence,deeper infiltration,lymphatic vascular infiltration,maximum tumor diameter ≥5 cm and lymph node metastasis,the higher TACC3 and p53 protein expression(P＜0.05).The 3-year survival rates in the negative expression TACC3 and p53 group were significantly higher than that in the positive expression of TACC3 and p53 positive groups(P＜0.01).Conclusion TACC3 and p53 proteins play an important role in the development of primary liver cancer.The expression of TACC3 and p53 protein in primary liver cancer tissues is increased.The low expression of TACC3 and p53 protein can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with primary liver cancer.

Objective The Objective of this study was to investigate effects of Leptin,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and different anesthetic Methods on prognosis of endometrial carcinoma(EC).Methods A retrospective analysis of 345 cases of endometrial medical records from January 2012 to November 2013 were performed.The patients were divided into normal endometrial group(63 cases),dysplasia group(85 cases)and EC group(197 cases).The EC group was classified according to the patient's voluntary choice of anesthesia:continuous epidural anesthesia + static inhalation combined general anesthesia(mode A)and static inhalation combined general anesthesia(mode B)as well as postoperative follow-up observed two kinds of anesthesia for prognosis impact of EC.Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of Leptin and VEGF protein in different endometrial tissues.Kaplan-Meier single factor and Cox risk ratio model were used to analyze the effects of different anesthetic Methods and Leptin,VEGF protein on prognosis of EC patients.Results The positive expression rates of Leptin in normal endometrium,atypical hyperplasia and EC groups were 9.52%,32.94% and 78.68%,respectively,and the differences was statistically significant(χ²=105.873,P＜0.05).The positive expression rates of VEGF in normal endometrium,atypical hyperplasia and EC groups were 4.76%,21.18%,68.02%,respectively,and the differences was also statistically significant(χ²=98.976,P＜0.05).Kaplan-Meier univariate analysis showed that 1-,3-and 5-year survival rates of EC patients with anesthesia of model A were higher than those of model B(P＜0.05).The prognosis survival of mode A was significantly better than that of mode B.The survival rate of patients with positive expression of Leptin and VEGF were lower than that of patients with negative expression(P＜0.05).Cox model analysis of EC patients with prognosis showed that surgical pathological staging,histological grade,lymph node metastasis,and VEGF positive expression were significant factors affecting the EC prognosis.Conclusion The anesthesia method A is better than the method B in EC surgery,with good prognosis,long survival time and late metastasis.The expression of Leptin and VEGF in EC was significantly different from that in normal and dysplasia groups,and their expression in EC was positive synergistic.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of general anesthesia and general anesthesia combined with paravertebral block(PVB)anesthesia on hemodynamics and postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing lung thoracotomy.Methods A total of 100 elderly patients who underwent lung cancer surgery in our hospital for the past two years were selected and aged 65~75 years old.The patients were randomly divided into the control and the observation groups.The control group was treated with general anesthesia(n=50).The observation group was applied to general anesthesia combined with PVB anesthesia(n=50).The hemodynamic changes of control and observation groups were observed and recorded during and after anesthesia.The Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE)score,eye opening time,extubation time and response time were compared before and after surgery.Results The hemodynamics changes in the observation group during and after operation were more stable than that in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the MMSE scores between the control and observation groups before operation.The MMSE scores in patients after surgery in the observation group were higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).In the control group,the eye opening time was(34.8±10.5)min,extubation time was(34.1±6.5)min,and response time was(38.9±9.6)min.The observation group was(30.2±10.3)min,(30.3±7.4)min,and(33.6±9.6)min,in eye opening time,extubation time and response time,respectively.They were significantly decreased in the observation group than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared to general anesthesia,the general anesthesia combined with PVB anesthesia has a smaller impact on the patient′s vital signs and less chance of postoperative cognitive impairment.

Objective The aims of this study were to understand the characteristics of lung cancer incidence and mortality in Jinshan District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2013,and to provide the evidence for the development of targeted lung cancer prevention and control measures.Methods The incidence and mortality of lung cancer were collected from the tumor registration information system in Jinshan District from 2002 to 2013.Crude rates of incidence and mortality,age-standardized rates of incidence and mortality by Chinese standard population(ASR China)and by world standard population(ASR world),truncated rates of incidence and mortality,cumulative rates of incidence and mortality,potential years of life loss(PYLL),potential years of life loss rate(PYLLR),and standardized potential years of life loss rate were calculated.Results From 2002 to 2013,the crude incidence rate of lung cancer in Jinshan District was 70.79/100,000,the incidence rate of ASR China was 36.9/100,000 and 36.65/100,000 for the incidence rate of ASR World.The crude mortality rate of lung cancer was 62.53/100,000.The mortality rates of ASR China and ASR World were 32.30/100,000 and 31.99/100,000,respectively.The male morbidity and mortality were higher than those in females.During 12 years,there was no significant changes in the incidence rate of males(APC=-0.36%,P=0.632),and the incidence rate of females was increased(APC=4.42%,P＜0.001).Moreover,the mortality of ASR China decreased in male(APC=-1.70%,P=0.033)and there was no significant change in female(APC=0.02%,P=0.980).From 2002 to 2013,the PYLLR and SPYLLR of lung cancer in Jinshan residents were 7.21‰ and 4.18‰,respectively.The SPYLLR of males showed a downward trend(APC=-2.58%,P=0.025),and there was no significant changes in female(APC=2.16%,P=0.143).Conclusion Lung cancer is one of the most serious malignant tumors in Jinshan residents.The aging of the population is an important factor for increasing incidence and mortality of lung cancer in Jinshan District of Shanghai.

Mesenteric fibromatosis is a mesenchymal tissue-derived tumor with unclear etiology,low incidence,no specific performance,and difficulty in biopsy.Therefore,clinical qualitative diagnosis is difficult.This article describes a case of mesenteric fibromatosis misdiagnosed as a recurrence of rectal cancer,and through the literature review,to improve the clinician's understanding of the disease,thereby reducing misdiagnosis

Retinoblastoma associated protein 48(RbAP48)is a new kind of tumor-specific protein belong to the WD-40 family of proteins.As a Rb-binding protein,it is the first identified peak protein isolated by different chromatin assembly,assembly and nucleosomal modification complexes(including histone acetylase HDACs),separating the first peak of identified proteins,in Rb/E2F transcription inhibition role in the signal transduction pathway.which is localized on E2F at the G1 phase and inhibits the transcription of this regulatory factor.At present,RbAP48 is abnormally expressed in malignant tumors such as lung cancer,cervical cancer,thyroid cancer,acute myeloid leukemia,breast cancer,gastric cancer and primary liver cancer,and it is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors.Therefore,inorder to learn more about their interactions,RbAP48 is expressed in different kinds of tumors in the have important implications for understanding the occurrence of tumor development.

Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor of digestive tract.The treatment and prognosis are related to many factors.Macrophage is a key regulator of tissue homeostasis and tumor microenvironment.Tumor-associated macrophage(TAM)is closely related to tumor development and poor prognosis.TAM has played a catalytic role in the occurrence,metastasis and drug resistance of colon cancer.Clinically,enhancing the therapeutic effect by strengthening the anti-tumor immune response is of great significance for remodeling the TAM and improving the therapeutic effect of tumor.

As a cytoplasmic protein and transcriptional protein,β-catenin plays a dual role in the occurrence and development of tumors.In recent years,the abnormal regulation of β-catenin and its related Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in tumors have attracted more and more scholars' attention.Soft tissue sarcoma occurs in the limbs and trunks,especially in young and middle-aged people.The classification of soft tissue sarcoma is complicated,and the degree of malignancy is high in advanced phase.It is urgent to target drugs to alleviate the progress of this disease.In this paper,the expression pattern of β-catenin in soft tissue tumors and its related mechanisms involved in the proliferation,metastasis,apoptosis,differentiation and self-renewal of soft tissue sarcomas are comprehensively summarized in order to improve the clinical prognosis of patients and bring new hope for targeted therapy.

Gadolinium(Gd)contrast agents are commonly used magnetic resonance contrast agents in the clinic.Gd molecular probes have unique advantages over common tinctures,providing new ideas for accurate diagnosis of diseases.Tumor molecular imaging is the focus of attention in recent years.This article reviews the research of Gd-based molecular probes in tumor target imaging.

Obesity is caused by the long-term supply of energy in the body and the accumulation of excess fat in the body.In recent years,with the improvement of life quality and changes in living habits,the proportion of obese people is increasing,and it is a high risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer.There are many pathogeneses of colorectal cancer caused by obesity,including the action of adipokines such as leptin,adiponectin and inflammatory factor as well as insulin resistance,regulations of miRNA genes,trace elements,vitamin,microelement,oxidative stress response and intestinal microecological disorders.This article reviews the research progress in its mechanism of action,in order to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

Programmed death protein 1(PD-1)is a major inhibitory receptor in T cells.Programmed death ligand-1(PD-L1,also known as B7-H1)is widely expressed in epithelial cells and endothelial cells of many organs such as heart,liver,kidney and lung.Tumor microenvironment in tumorigenesis causes invasive T cells to express PD-1,and PD-L1 is up-regulated in tumor cells,which binds to the PD-1 receptor,resulting in sustained PD-1 pathway in tumor microenvironment,inducing T cell apoptosis and escaping the immune surveillance to cause tumor immune escape.This article reviews the research progress of the relationship between the expression of PD-L and the prognosis of gynecologic malignancies.

The traditional role of vitamin D is to regulate calcium and bone metabolism.However,there is increasing evidence that vitamin D is closely related to the occurrence and development of malignant tumors.It has been found that low vitamin D levels are associated with increased risk of breast,colon,and prostate cancers.Although randomized controlled trials in the human body have not been able to determine the beneficial effects of vitamin D on cancer,some studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of cancer.Avoiding deficiency and adding vitamin D supplements may be an economical and safe way to reduce the incidence of cancer and improve the prognosis of cancer.This article focuses on the role and research progress of vitamin D in digestive system tumors,and explores its possible mechanism of action.

Thyroid cancer is one of the fastest-growing tumors in the past five years.Nearly 50,000 new-onset thyroid cancer are on the rise in China.As a kind of non-surgical treatment,nuclear medicine is widely used in general surgery,and most patients have good response and low incidence of adverse reactions.Many studies have shown that long-term high-dose iodine radiation can induce bone marrow suppression,leading to a decline in whole blood cells and even induce leukemia.This article aims to summarize the changes in the number of peripheral blood cells and cytokines in red blood cells,white blood cells,lymphocytes and platelets after treatment with radioactive iodine 131 in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer in recent years to explore whether it is harmful.

Epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies worldwide.With the advancement of surgery and the application of new anticancer drugs,the diagnosis and treatment of distant metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer have become an important part of its comprehensive treatment.This article describes the distant metastasis,diagnosis,treatment plan and future development direction of epithelial ovarian cancer,in order to provide more evidence for the prevention and treatment of distant metastasis.