Journal of Practical Oncology

Dauricine enhances the sensitivity of 5-fluorouracil in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

LI Hongyang, SUN Liang, JIANG Xing, YUAN Guangjun, LIU Yan

2017, 31(5): 385-389. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.001

Abstract ( 165 )

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Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dauricine on the sensitivity of 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.Methods MCF-7 cells were treated with 2.5 μg/mL of dauricine,50 μg/mL of 5-FU,or 2.5 μg/mL of dauricine with 50 μg/mL of 5-FU,the cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay.The cell migration was determined by Transwell assay;The cell apoptosis was detected by DAPI staining;The expression of cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 gene was examined by Western blot.Results The results showed that the combination of subthreshold concentration of dauricine enhanced the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on proliferation in MCF-7 cells.The combined use of subcutaneous concentration of dauricine further aggravated the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on cell migration.The combination of subcapsular dauricine enhanced the induction of apoptosis by 5-FU.The combination of dauricine with 5-FU could inhibit the expression of cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 protein in MCF-7 cells.Conclusion Dauricine can effectively enhance the sensitivity of 5-FU in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Active part of Glycyrrhiza extract induces apoptosis in human cervical cancer HeLa cells and its related protein caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression

WANG Jixi, DENG Weisheng, WANG Fengru, SHI Zhimao, MENG Dan, XU Qiang, ZHANG Yuyao

2017, 31(5): 390-395. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.002

Abstract ( 123 )

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Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether active part of Glycyrrhiza extract(GL)induced apoptosis in Hela cells and its inhibitory mechanism.Methods HeLa cells were treated with 25 g/mL of GL for 24hs.Cell viability and apoptosis in HeLa cells were determined by MTT,AO/EB fluorescent double staining,transmission electron microscope(TEM),and Western blot.Results The MTT results showed that GL significantly inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells in a dose-response.After treatment for 24 hrs,large number of early apoptotitc cell were observed using AO/EB fluorescent double staining and TEM.The expression of Pro-caspase-9 and Cleaved-caspase-3 protein was higher in GL-treated cells them those of the control cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion GL can activate Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 genes to induce apoptosis in HeLa cells.

Clinicopathological features and survival analysis in 633 cases of gastric carcinoma

ZHANG Chunhui, LIU Xia, XU Jingjing, ZHOU Yanhua, ZHAO Juan, LI Zhiwei, ZHANG Yanqiao

2017, 31(5): 396-404. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.003

Abstract ( 137 )

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Objective The objectives of this study were to compare the clinicopathological features of different Lauren type gastric cancer,to carry out survival analysis,and to screen the prognostic factors.Methods The clinical pathologic data of gastric cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment at the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 1,2007 to June 30,2007 were retrospectively analyzed.The 633 cases of gastric cancer patients were divided into intestinal type gastric cancer and diffuse type of gastric cancer groups,which were analyzed clinical and pathological characteristics and survival.Results Compared with diffuse type of gastric cancer,the proportion of intestinal type gastric cancer was slightly high(51.66% vs. 48.34%), the proportion of male was also high(2.94:1 vs. 2.03:1,P=0.035).These could be more often in elderly patients age(≥60 years)(54.43% vs.35.94%,P＜0.001).The prognosis of intestinal type gastric cancer was significantly better than diffuse gastric cancer(median survival time:90.9 months vs. 37.33 months,P=0.014).Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥60 years old,CA199 abnormalities,larger tumors,poor differentiation,serosal invasion,initial lymph node metastasis,palliative surgery and non-pyloric resection were poor prognostic factors in gastric cancer.Conclusion Lauren type can be better respond to the clinicopathological features of different gastric cancer and guide to the prognosis.

Relationship between expression of RIZ1 and clinicopathological factors or radiosensitivity in human cervical squamous cell carcinoma

ZHANG Yunyan, LIU Yaqin, WANG Lei, ZHANG Lin, CHENG Haiyan, YANG Shanshan

2017, 31(5): 405-410. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.004

Abstract ( 124 )

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Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of RIZ1 and its association with clinicopathological factors or radiosensitivity in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.Methods 159 samples from patients with FIGO stage Ⅱ b and Ⅲ a cervical squamous cell carcinoma were collected and preserved before radiotherapy.The expression of RIZ1 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues and 20 normal cervical tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between the RIZ1 expression and the clinicopathological factors or radiosensitivity in cervical squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed by statistical analysis.Results The expression of RIZ1 protein was down-regulated in patients with cervical cancer(P＜0.001).The level of RIZ1 protein expression was close related to radiosensitivity(P=0.012),FIGO staging(P=0.004),deep myometrial invasion(P=0.026),and pelvic lymph node metastasis(P=0.005).Logistic regression analysis showed that the high expression of RIZ1 protein was an independent predictor of radiosensitivity in cervical cancer(P=0.045).Conclusion RIZ1 may be involved in the occurrence and development process of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and regard as a candidate biomarker for the sensitivity in cervical squamous cell carcinoma in radiotherapy.

Effect of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy on prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer patients

LUO Jianing, HAO Chuncheng, ZHANG Jianxin, LU Jiangyue, GE Xiaofeng

2017, 31(5): 411-416. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.005

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Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of postoperative radiotherapy on local recurrence-free survival(LRFS)and overall survival(OS)in patients with triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Methods The clinical data of 186 cases for TNBC were collected from the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2003 to December 2006.These cases were confirmed by pathology.The patients were divided into radiotherapy and non-radiotherapy groups.The survival curves were plotted by Kaplan-Meier method.Log-rank test method was used to detect the difference between the radiotherapy and non-radiotherapy groups for 10 years.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the prognostic factors for TNBC patients.Results The 10-year LRFS of radiotherapy group and non-radiotherapy group were 80.2% and 76.0%,respectively.The 10-year OS was 86.0% and 74.0% in radiotherapy group and non-radiotherapy group,respectively.Both of them showed a statistically difference(P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that LRFS and OS were 81.8% and 81.8% in 10 years for radiotherapy in patients with T_1-2N₁(1-3 lymph node metastases)M₀,respectively,76.4% and 79.4% for non-radiotherapy group,respectively.No differences were observed in both of LRFS and OS in radiotherapy and non-radiotherapy groups(P＞0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that radiotherapy and clinical staging were independent factors influencing the survival of TNBC patients.Conclusion Radiotherapy can improve the LRFS and OS in TNBC patients,but radiotherapy does not improve LRFS and OS for TNBC patients with T_1-2N₁(1~3 lymph node metastases)M₀.Radiotherapy and clinical staging are independent factors that affect the prognosis of TNBC patients.

Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in FGFR3 gene and risk of breast cancer

LI Wei, JIANG Yongdong, PANG Da

2017, 31(5): 417-424. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.006

Abstract ( 123 )

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Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in FGFR3 gene and the risk of breast cancer.Methods The frequency of SNP genotypes rs2234909 and rs3135848 of FGFR3 gene in premenopausal breast cancer patients and premenopausal normal females were detected by multiple clonal extension SNP typing technique.The SNP genotypes were compared with different SNP genotypes and the risk of premenopausal breast cancer.Results There was no difference in the genotype frequencies of SNP rs2234909 and rs3135848 between breast cancer and control groups(P＞0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that there was no correlation between TC and TC +CC genotype and risk of breast cancer(OR=1.035,95% CI:0.680~1.575,P=0.874;OR=0.985,95% CI:0.638~1.521,P=0.945).For the rs3135848 locus,the genotypes of TC,CC and TC+CC were not associated with the risk of breast cancer(OR=1.177,95% CI:0.846-1.636,P=0.333;OR=0.948,95% CI:0.287-3.137,P=0.931;OR=1.162,95% CI:0.548~1.112,P=0.360).Histological grade was significantly higher in breast cancer with rs2234909 mutation than that of the non-mutation group(dominant model:P=0.032,co-dominant model:P=0.024).The Ki67 index of FGFR3 gene locus rs2234909 mutation was higher than that of the non-mutation(dominant model:P=0.056;co-dominant model:P=0.044).There was no difference between rs3135848 mutation and both site mutation with clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion The SNP genotypes of rs2234909 and rs3135848 of FGFR3 gene were not associated with susceptibility to breast cancer in premenopausal women in North of China.Rs2234909 mutation was positively correlated with histological grade and Ki67 index in premenopausal breast cancer patients.

Application of dual-source CT dual-energy scanning fusion 3D reconstruction in gastric cancer and lymph nodes

JIANG Zhiyun, LI Pengfei, SUI Lin, SHANG Naijian

2017, 31(5): 425-430. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.007

Abstract ( 136 )

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Objective The objective of this study was to determine the lesion range between gastric cancer lesions and normal gastric wall,improve the early diagnosis of gastric cancer rate,distinguish between metastatic lymph nodes and non-metastatic lymph nodes,and accurate N staging by dual-source CT double-energy enhanced scan parameters.Methods The dual energy enhanced scan of patients with preoperative gastric cancer was performed by Siemens Somatom Definition Flash dual-source CT.The collected data were analyzed by Syngo.Via software and reconstructed three-dimensionally to obtain the absolute iodine of gastric cancer,normal gastric wall,metastatic lymph node and non-metastatic lymph node value,standardized iodine value and virtual single energy spectrum curve of the slope to combine with postoperative pathological results.The use of statistical methods was to determine the difference between the post-and preoperation.Results The absolute iodine values(IC)were(3.329±0.812)g/L in the gastric cancer lesion and(64.006±17.450)% for the standard iodine values(NIC).The slope of the virtual single energy spectrum curve was-2.916±1.3227,IC(1.563±0.708)g/L in the normal gastric wall.The NIC were(37.122±16.267)% and-1.621±1.4028 for the slope of the virtual single energy spectrum curve.They were significantly statistical difference(P＜0.05).The IC of metastatic lymph nodes were(2.968± 0.547)g/L,(63.597±14.633)% for the NIC and(-2.532 ± 0.753)for the slope of the virtual single energy spectrum curve.The IC of non-metastatic lymph nodes were(1.465±0.408)g/L,(35.240±14.357)% for the NIC and(-1.378±0.726)for the slope of the virtual single energy spectrum curve.They also had significantly statistical difference(P＜0.05).Conclusion Dual-source CT dual-energy scan combined with three-dimensional reconstruction technique can help to determine the lesion range,improve the diagnostic rate of early gastric cancer,distinguish between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes,and improve the accuracy of N staging.

Clinical study of peripheral blood T cell subsets in patients with malignant lymphoma by flow cytometry

WANG Jingsheng, LIU Zhengjun, CHENG Nan, LI Dan, GAO Huiguang

2017, 31(5): 431-435. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.008

Abstract ( 160 )

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Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of flow cytometry on peripheral blood T cell subsets in patients with malignant lymphoma and its relationship with clinicopathological and tumor types.Methods Ninety-eight patients with malignant lymphoma treated in our hospital from August 2014 to September 2016 were selected as the study group.Ninety-eight healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The peripheral blood T cell subsets(CD3⁺,CD4⁺,CD8⁺,CD4⁺/CD8⁺)were detected in patients and healthy controls by flow cytometry.Results The levels of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the study group were(55.63±11.25)and(1.32±0.62),respectively,which were significantly lower than those(68.96±12.63)and(1.59±0.59)of the control group(P＜0.05).The levels of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ were(33.67±8.14)and(26.02±4.67),respectively in the study group,were no difference from the control group(34.12±8.33)and(25.67±4.53)(P＞0.05).The levels of CD3⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma were(54.63±11.36),(1.22±0.65),respectively,and(55.52±12.02),(1.34±0.71)for non-hodgkin lymphoma.They were significantly decreoseg in the control group(68.96±12.63 for CD3⁺ and 1.59±0.59 for CD4⁺/CD8⁺)(P＜0.05).The level of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺were no difference amoupst Hodgkin's lymphoma(33.78±8.23 for CD4⁺ and 25.74±4.88 for CD8⁺),non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(25.74±4.88 for CD4⁺ and 33.62±8.74 for CD8⁺)and control group(34.12±8.33 for CD4⁺ and 25.67±4.53 for CD8⁺)(P＞0.05).The levels of CD3⁺,CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in patients with Ⅲ ~Ⅳ stage malignant lymphoma were(52.66±12.47),(28.25±6.32)and(1.30±0.62),respectively,which were significantly lower than those(68.96±12.63),(34.12±8.33)and(1.59±0.59)in the control group(P＜0.05).The level of CD3⁺ in patients with phase I-II malignant lymphoma(58.63±11.85)was significantly lower than that in the control group(68.96±12.63)(P＜0.05).The level of CD8⁺ in patients with phase I-II malignant lymphoma(29.63±3.57)was significantly higher than that in the control group(25.67±4.53)(P＜0.05).Conclusion The detection of peripheral blood T cell subsets by flow cytometry can be used as an important methods to diagnose the disease,staging and immune status of patients with malignant lymphoma,which has high application value.

Dosimetric analysis of three kinds of irradiation technique in radiotherapy of medulloblastoma

WANG Helong, YUN Weikang, WANG Yewei, FENG Lina, BAI Yanling

2017, 31(5): 436-440. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.009

Abstract ( 186 )

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Objective We aimed to explore the difference of dosimetry among intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT),volumetric modulated arc therapy(VMAT)and helical tomotherapy(TOMO)in the radiotherapy of medulloblastoma.Methods Ten children's patients with the medulloblastoma were selected and designed in this study.A clinically feasible radiotherapy plan was designed for IMRT(5 fields),VMAT and TOMO.Conformality index(CI),homogeneity index(HI),V₁₀₇,maximum dose(D_max),organ at risk(OAR)dose-volume level,monitor units and treatment time were used to analyze in these groups.Results CI,HI,V₁₀₇,D_max and OAR of target areas were significantly superior to VMAT and IMRT in the TOMO group of target PTV for whole brain full radiotherapy.The organ at risk dose-volume level in the TOMO group was lower than that in VMAT and IMRT(5 fields)groups(P＜0.05).The TOMO group also had the most monitor units and the longest treatment time(P＜0.05).Hence,the patients in the TOMO group could irradiate completely the whole brain and full spinal cord without moving treatment couch to avoid the error from the man-made movement in VMAT and IMRT(5 fields)treatments.Conclusion In the radiotherapy of medulloblastoma,the dose distribution of patients in the TOMO group are superior to the VMAT and IMRT groups(5 fields).However,the number of monitor units and treatment time is significantly increased during treatment,and its clinical effect needed to be further studies.

Treatment of multiple cancer with apatinib:A case report

CHEN Dan, LI Jiazhuang, SUI Hong

2017, 31(5): 441-443. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.010

Abstract ( 159 )

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Multiple primary carcinomas(MPC),also known as multiple cancer,refers to single or multiple organ tissues occur more than two primary cancer in the same patient.In this case,it has been found multiple simultaneous cancers within 6 months.It is called metachronous cancer,which multiple cancers come from different original cancers more than 6 months.It is reported that there is a low incidence rate of multiple primary carcinomas,which is largely influenced by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Multiple primary cancers are easy to be confused with metastatic tumors in clinical practice,both of them are quite different in terms of treatment and prognosis.Therefore,it is helpful to improve the survival of patients by timely diagnosis and treatment.This article reported a case of multiple primary carcinomas.

Advances in pathogenesis of breast Paget's disease

WANG Shuo, SONG Yanni

2017, 31(5): 444-447. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.011

Abstract ( 163 )

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Breast paget's disease is a rare form of breast cancer,proposed by James Paget's in 1874.The pathogenesis of Paget's disease has been controversial;there are two main theories are epiphytic theory and transformation theory.In recent years,with the pathogenesis of breast Paget's disease development,some new hypotheses are input such as factor and receptor theory,endocrine theory and virus theory.Breast Paget's treatment methods= include improved radical surgery,simple breast resection,breast conserving surgery and other surgical treatment,according postoperative pathology combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.For those who have strong breast protection or plastic surgery will be given to patients with photodynamic therapy for neoadjuvant therapy.This paper reviews the relevant theories and hypotheses about the pathogenesis of mammary gland by collecting related literatures in recent years.

Research progress of LncRNA and chemotherapy resistance in gastrointestinal neoplasms

SUN Lina, ZHAO Xiaodi, LU Yuanyuan, WANG Xin

2017, 31(5): 448-453. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.012

Abstract ( 175 )

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Gastrointestinal tumor chemotherapy resistance makes many patients be fail treatment,and its mechanism is unclear.The long-chain non-coding RNA(LncRNA)was found in the transcription,transcription and epigenetic,and other aspects of the regulation of the pathophysiology of the body.Many studies have found that LncRNA is also closely related to gastrointestinal cancer resistance drugs.LncRNA is not only closely related to the ten characteristics of the tumor,but it also regulates gastrointestinal cancer resistance by the impact of drug transporter,competitive endogenous RNA in the way of action,affecting tumor cell apoptosis,and regulating epithelial mesenchymal transition process.This article will review gastrointestinal cancer-related LncRNA and its participation in gastrointestinal resistance mechanism.

Current status of the establishment of acute promyelocytic leukemia in mouse models

WANG Yitong, XU Wen

2017, 31(5): 454-457. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.013

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Acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL)is a class of malignant disease of hematopoietic tissue.Animal models are important tools for exploring human-related diseases.Many studies have beer shown that APL mouse models can be established by transgenic,retroviral-mediated and leukemia cell transplantation.These models established by these three methods can be re-transplanted.The establishment of these models lays the foundation for understanding the pathogenesis and efficacy of APL.In order to determine whether the model is successfully established,these methods can be used for blood tests,blood smear and bone marrow smear,immunology,molecular biology and pathology related to complete the examination.Successful establishment of APL animal model can provide important experimental basis and theoretical basis for the study,development and evaluation of drug efficacy in APL,which will help people to understand human APL further.

Research advances in the role of GOLPH2 in malignant tumor and its mechanism

FANG Xinghua, SONG Ying

2017, 31(5): 458-462. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.014

Abstract ( 140 )

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The current detection of serum tumor markers is still considered to be one of convenient and effective means for early diagnosis of tumor and monitoring tumor progression.Golgi phosphoprotein 2(GOLPH2)is a type II transmembrane protein presenting in the Golgi apparatus.In recent years,many studies have suggested that GOLPH2 is one of the most promising early serum markers for early diagnosis of tumor.In addition,many studies have beer shown that GOLPH2 is related to prognosis of lung cancer,gastric cancer,prostate cancer and other cancer-related prognosis involved in immune regulation,intracellular signal factor activation and degradation and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT).Through these mechanisms to promote tumor progression and metastasis,GOLPH2 reduces the disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS).In this paper,we review the role of GOLPH2 in the progress and a variety of malignant tumors.

The research progress of primary pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma

HUANG Chenglu, HAN Shaohui, XU Suqin, ZHAO Jungang

2017, 31(5): 463-467. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.015

Abstract ( 183 )

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Primary pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma with a low incidence,a subtype of lung adenocarcinoma,occurs in adult males because of its no significant clinical specificity,likely to cause misdiagnosis,and patients with adverse prognosis.Thus,we need further to understand this disease and early diagnosis through a variety of methods as soon as possible.Surgical treatment is still the preferred mode of this disease.With addition to resecting lesions,it is also further pathological diagnosis,gene testing,tumor staging and prognosis as well as preparation for following-up chemotherapy.In recent years,with the continuous development of genetic technology and innovation,the occurrence of this disease has been found to be related to KRAS gene mutation,ALK gene rearrangement and its related signal pathway.Related gene mutations and signaling pathways can serve as a target for the treatment of this disease,which provides a variety of ideas for the development of new targeted drugs.However,there are still many problems that need further study,including standard chemotherapy for primary pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma,drug resistance to targeted drugs,and the development of new KRAS inhibitors.This article reviews the definition of primary pulmonary mucinous adenocarcinoma and pathogenesis,diagnosis and some of the latest treatment Methods .

Research propress in signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms of brain metastases in breast cancer

JIN Tuan, ZHANG Qingyuan

2017, 31(5): 468-471. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.016

Abstract ( 119 )

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Breast cancer is one of the highest incidence of cancer in women,most frequent sites of metastasis are the lung,bone,liver,and central nervous system.The incidence of central nervous system metastasis is about 15%.At present,there are Wnt and Notch pathways,EGFR and PTEN pathways,which may be related to the brain metastases in breast cancer.There may be related to VEGF and Stat3,tubulin and TOP2A,BNC1,GALNT9,CCDC8,HER2,HER3,MMP,FBPS,sarcosine and other factors.This paper summarizes the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms that may lead to brain metastases in breast cancer,and we hope to provide new ideas for targeted therapy of brain metastases in breast cancer.

Current status of anti-angiogenesis therapy for non-small cell lung cancer

DAI Xin, ZHANG Daxin

2017, 31(5): 472-476. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.017

Abstract ( 167 )

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Angiogenesis is the physiological process of generating new blood vessels from existing networks.In the tumor microenvironment,the dynamic balance of a growing tumor facilitates the transition to persistent angiogenesis.Antiangiogenic drugs have been used in a variety of solid tumors,including lung cancers,by resisting tumor angiogenesis and inhibiting tumor growth,since human recognized its ability.In this paper,recent research status of tumor angiogenesis and non-small cell lung cancer anti-angiogenesis are reviewed in details.

Research progress of mTOR signaling pathway and synovial sarcoma

LIU Yishu, QU Guofan

2017, 31(5): 477-480. doi:10.11904/j.issn.1002-3070.2017.05.018

Abstract ( 139 )

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The mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)is a ser/threonine protein kinase,which belongs to the family of phosphatidylinositol trioxolase-related kinases.By influencing key factors such as AKT,4EBP1 and S6K1,play an important role in the development of tumors.Synovial sarcoma(SS)is a highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma,early surgery and chemotherapy is the mainstream of the current treatment.However,late survival rate is still not ideal.In order to provide A new direction for treatment of synovial sarcoma is provided through the reseach of signaling pathway conduction.In this paper,recent studies on mTOR and synovial sarcoma are reviewed.

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