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JOPC 2023 Vol.25 Number 6
2023, Vol.25 Num.6
Online: 2023-12-01
The 70th Anniversary Album of China University of Petroleum(Ⅱ)
 
The 70th Anniversary Album of China University of Petroleum(Ⅱ)
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2023 Vol. 25 (6): 0-Ⅰ [Abstract] ( 1864 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 703KB] ( 159 )
1211 DU Yuansheng, YU Wenchao, ZHOU Qi, GUO Hua, JIN Song, LIU Zhichen, HUANG Heng, LIU Hai, WANG Ping, QI Liang, XU Yuan, XU Lingtong, WANG Yuhang, WANG Hanwen
Discussion about the coupling relationship between the breakup of supercontinent and the large-scale manganese accumulation in China
Sedimentary Mn carbonate deposits in China are accumulated in a large time scale and widely distributed. The metallogenic peaks are Mesoproterozoic Jixianian,Neoproterozoic Nanhuan and Sinian,Early Paleozoic Cambrian and Ordovician,Late Paleozoic Devonian,Carboniferous and Permian,and Mesozoic Triassic. Sedimentary Mn carbonate deposits are mainly distributed in stretching rift basin,including the Mesoproterozoic Yan-Liao Aulacogen in North China,the Nanhuan-Ordovician Nanhua Rift Basin,the Nanhuan intracontinental rift in northern Yangtze Block,the Sinian-Cambrian continental margin rift in northern Yangtze Block,Late Paleozoic-Triassic Youjiang Basin and the Xiang-Gui Aulacogen,the intracontinental trough in the western Yangtze Block(Shuicheng-Zunyi)and the trough in northwestern Yangtze Block. The source of the Mn carbonate deposit mainly comes from the deep hydrothermal fluid,which are then deposited in the shallow rift environment of suboxic deep water. The rift-type basins were formed during the breakup periods of the Columbia Supercontinent,the Rodinia Supercontinent and the Gondwana continent. There is an obvious coupling relationship between formations of the sedimentary Mn deposits and the breakup of supercontinents.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1211-1234 [Abstract] ( 828 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 5643KB] ( 312 )
1235 HU Zongquan, GAO Zhiqian, LIU Wangwei, WEI Duan
Depositional environments and formational mechanisms of the Lower Cambrian organic-rich mud/shales, north of Xingdi Fault, northeastern Tarim Basin
Organic-rich mud shales are often rich in hydrocarbon resources,and their depositional environments and formational mechanisms are important bases for evaluating and predicting favorable exploration target. In this paper,the petrographic types,depositional environments,and developmental patterns of the Lower Cambrian shales to the north of the Xingdi Fault in northeastern Tarim Basin were investigated by means of outcrop description,thin section observation,and geochemical analysis. There are 10 types of lithofacies developed in the target strata in the study area: yellow-brown calcareous siltstone,gray-black siliceous shale,brown phosphatic shale,gray-black siliceous siltstone,gray-black calcareous siltstone,black siliceous shale,gray mud chert,gray argillaceous calcareous shale,gray argillaceous calcareous siltstone,and gray-black calcareous shale. The target interval can be divided into two third-order sequences(SQ1 and SQ2). The seawater was strongly to -moderately confined during the deposition period of the Xishanbulak Formation(SQ1),and basin-facies deposits of gray-black siliceous siltstone,gray-black siliceous shale,and brown phosphatic shale were mainly developed in an anaerobic-anoxic environment. The Xidashan Formation depositional period(SQ2) was characterized by moderately to -weakly confined water, depleted-anaerobic environment,and deep-water shelf dominant facies. Reduction condition is the main controlling factor of organic matter enrichment in the Lower Cambrian of northeastern Tarim Basin,while sedimentation rate is a secondary control of organic matter enrichment,and the palaeo-productivity is not necessarily related to organic matter enrichment. Hydrothermal events in the context of intrabasin tensional tectonics both control the enrichment and degradation of organic matter. The conditions for organic matter enrichment and preservation were optimal during the SQ1 period.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1235-1256 [Abstract] ( 798 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 70567KB] ( 253 )
1257 QIAO Zhanfeng, YU Zhou, SHE Min, PAN Liyin, ZHANG Tianfu, LI Wenzheng, SHEN Anjiang
Progresses on ancient ultra-deeply buried marine carbonate reservoir in China
Marine carbonate rocks in China are featured by old age,deep burial,and strongly diagenetic modification during the burial stage. As oil and gas exploration gradually extents towards “older”,“deeper”,and “more complex”deep and ultra-deep layers,the genesis and distribution patterns of carbonate reservoirs have become key factors affecting the efficiency of oil and gas exploration and development. In recent years,a series of exploration breakthroughs have been made in multiple exploration fields in the Tarim,Sichuan,and Ordos basins. Meanwhile,substantial progress has been made both in the geological theory and in the related technologies of ancient deep carbonate reservoirs. Advancements in geological theory include the following aspects: (1)porosity formecl under subaerial environment constitutes the basis of the deeply-buried carbonate reservoir size;(2)the preservation of porosity during shallow burial period is the key to the size and the quality of the deeply-buried dolomite reservoir;and(3)tectonic activity-driven deep fluid movements play an important role in modifying the quality of deeply-buried carbonate reservoir. Technological advancements include: (1)geochemically experimental analysis techniques such as surface scanning of trace rare earth elements,laser-ablation U-Pb dating,clumped isotopes and non-traditional stable isotopes;and(2)high-temperature and high-pressure dissolution simulation techniques. The deepening of exploration realm and the progress of analytical techniques have significantly improved the understanding of the development and distribution of large-scale high-quality reservoirs in deeply buried fields of the three major basins,and built the foundation for major breakthroughs in oil field exploration in the future.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1257-1276 [Abstract] ( 782 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 10062KB] ( 263 )
1277 WANG Rui, WU Lü, YU Kefu, REN Min, PAN Liyin
Characteristics,evolution and genetic mechanism of the Cenozoic island dolostones
Cenozoic island dolostones found throughout the global oceans are considered as ideal natural laboratories for deciphering the classic “dolomite problem”due to their shallow burial,eogenetic formation,and weak diagenetic modifications. This paper systematically summarizes the research progress on these dolostones in term of their basic characteristics,time evolution,fluid properties,and genetic models,and discusses the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic factors that influence their formation. The Cenozoic island dolostones(tens to hundreds of meters thick)show similar petrological(texture-retentive and texture-destructive),stoichiometric(high-calcium dolomite and low-calcium dolomite),and geochemical(e.g.,carbon and oxygen isotopes,strontium content)properties,and are formed contemporarily during the 10-0.5 Ma interval. The strontium isotopes of the dolostones indicate that the age of dolomitization generally becomes progressively younger from the bottom to the top of the dolostone sections in a continuous or semi-continuous way on individual islands(atolls,carbonate platforms)under the influence of eustatic change and tectonic subsidence. Carbonate clumped and oxygen isotopes indicate that the primary fluid source for the island dolomitization is normal to slightly evaporated seawater. Furthermore,the high-calcium dolomite is formed primarily from normal seawater,while the low-calcium dolomite is formed from slightly evaporated seawater. A single fluid flowing mechanism(e.g.,seepage,reflux,geothermal convection)is insufficient to explain the genesis of the Cenozoic island dolostones;and available data demonstrate that the formation of the island dolostones is promoted by multiple flow mechanisms. During the island dolomitization period(10-0.5 Ma),there is no single paleoenvironmental or paleoclimatic factor(e.g.,seawater Mg/Ca ratio,temperature,$\text{SO}_{4}^{2-}$ concentration,redox state,pCO2,pH)that corresponds to significant dolomitization,implying that the Cenozoic island dolomitization event was probably controlled by multiple paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic factors. To better understand the genetic mechanisms of the Cenozoic island dolostones,future research should focus on the micro-processes of dolomitization,the application of new geochemical methods and numerical simulation.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1277-1298 [Abstract] ( 723 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 16542KB] ( 234 )
1299 YU Jixing, YANG Tian, TIAN Jingchun, CAI Laixing, REN Qiqiang, GUO Weixue
Some basic sedimentological problems and research prospects of deep-water gravity-flow sedimentary in oil and gas exploration
The oil and gas resources stored in deep-water gravity-flow sediments are extremely abundant,but there are still many problems in understanding the distribution of deep-water gravity-flow sedimentary sand bodies and high-quality reservoirs at present. These problems restrict the exploration and development of oil and gas. The transition from supercritical to subcritical turbidity current under the control of hydraulic jumping and the transformation of turbidity current to muddy debris flow under the control of turbulence damping are two key issues that form the new understanding of the distribution of gravity flow deposits. Deep-water gravity flow deposits have numerous architectural elements,including channel and levee,channel-lobe transition zone,and lobe. The detailed analysis of identification marks of different architectural elements is critical to understanding of the distribution of gravity flow deposits. The strong erosion of substrate by hydraulic jump during the transition from supercritical to subcritical turbidity current is the new understanding for the formation of gravity flow channels. Tectonic activity,sediment supply, and the interaction between climate and sea(lake)level are external factors of sedimentary basins that control the distribution of gravity flow deposits. Water density of sedimentary basin,topographic slope, and basin bottom topography are internal factors that determine the distribution of gravity flow deposits. The synergistic diagenesis of sand and mud during the burial and diagenetic evolution of deep-water gravity flow deposits plays an important role in the development of high-quality reservoirs with relatively high porosity and permeability. Research on the depositional process that emphasizes both ancient outcrops and modern-day monitoring,deep-water gravity flow sedimentary architectural elements and inner structure,deep-water gravity flow-caused fine-grained sedimentation and shale oil and gas research,deep-water gravity flow sedimentary sand body diagenesis are expected to be the next step of sedimentological research prospects of deep-water gravity flow sedimentary oil and gas exploration.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1299-1314 [Abstract] ( 765 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3806KB] ( 392 )
1315 SUN Haonan, TAN Mingxuan, FU Yilin, CUI Haonan, CHEN Mianpei
Sedimentary processes and genetic mechanisms of the Late Triassic fine-grained gravity flows in Zhuoni area of West Qinling orogenic belt
Fine-grained gravity flow deposists have some important implications for palaeogeography and palaeoclimate. The genetic mechanism and distribution of fine-grained sediments are crucial to palaeoenvironment reconstruction and stable carbon cyde, but their deposits processes are more complicated than that of coarse-grained gravity flow sediments. Detailed outcrop study shows that fine-grained gravity flow deposits are mainly devebpem in the Upper Triassic Kache Formation in the Zhuoni area of the West Qinling orogenic belt. Fine-grained gravity flow deposits of the Kache Formation in the study area can be divided into four lithofacies,corresponding to two deep-water sedimentary processes(i.e. fine-grained turbidity current and fine-grained hyperpycnal flow). Among them,fine-grained hyperpycnite is dominated by siltstone and argillaceous siltstone with suspended load(single-stage sedimentary thickness is 0.05-0.60 m),current ripple and argillaceous transitional ripple(type I)or current ripple and hummocky cross-stratification(type Ⅱ)appear alternately in the vertical direction,showing the overlapping characteristics of multi-stage positive rhythm and composite rhythm in the vertical direction. Fine-grained turbidites are also developed in the study area(single-stage sedimentary thickness is 0.05-0.2 m),which is generally characterized by Ta,Te or Ta,Tc of Bouma sequence. The two important sedimentary processes developed in the study area constitute a complex gravity flow sedimentary system,which has important implications for the sedimentology of fine-grained gravity flows in the shallow-water narrow continental shelf-upper slope of active continental margin of the Zhuoni area in the West Qinling orogenic belt.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1315-1329 [Abstract] ( 765 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 44218KB] ( 544 )
1330 PENG Zixiao, YU Xinghe, LI Shunli, QI Rong, FU Chao, JIANG Longyan
Migration patterns and controlling factors of barrier of the Benxi Formation in southeastern Ordos Basin
The Upper Paleozoic Benxi Formation in the Ordos Basin experienced multiple transgressions and developed extensive epicontinental sea deposits. The distribution characteristics and control factors of the clastic barrier system in the southeastern of the basin are still not clear. Based on the field core,electric logging, and other data,this paper studied and established the sedimentary sequence of barrier system,restored the macro palaeogeomorphic features,depicted the plane distribution of barrier sand body,and clarify the migration style and control factors of the barrier system in Benxi Formation. Four types of sedimentary sequences,barrier island,tidal channel delta,tidal flat lagoon and swamp,were identified in the barrier coastal sedimentary system; moreover, two types of palaeogeomorphic features,namely,the stepped steep slope at the bottom of the Member 1 of Benxi Formation and the continuous gentle slope at the bottom of the Member 2 of Benxi Formation,were characterized. The barrier is distributed along the multi-stage parallel shoreline. the sand body continuity along the shoreline is high,and the vertical shoreline presents multi-stage migration characteristics. The barrier system shows two types of migration modes in map view. The Member 1 of Benxi Formation is dominated by rolling continuous migration,with low vertical overlap and strong horizontal continuity. The Member 2 of Benxi Formation is dominated by jump interval migration,with high overlap and weak horizontal continuity. The transgression process promoted the preservation of barrier system,but its distribution and migration were mainly controlled by palaeogeomorphology. The coastline trajectory controlled the distribution direction of the dominant long axis of barrier,and the steep and gentle slopes caused the differences in migration patterns of barriers. This study also emphasizes the importance of sea level rise and palaeogeomorphic slope in establishing the evolution model of ancient barrier systems.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1330-1346 [Abstract] ( 749 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 24597KB] ( 182 )
1347 CHEN Mingsi, ZHANG Benjian, LI Zhiwu, LIU Shugen, LI Yong, SONG Jinmin, WANG Han, JIANG Hang, WANG Linkang, XU Shaoli, DING Yi
Lithol and carbon isotopic stratigraphic division and its sighificance of the Sinian Dengying Formation in Sichuan Basin and surrounding area

The division of the Dengying Formation is controversial due to great variation in its stratigraphic thicness. Moreover,the formation mechanism of the Mianyang-Changning intracratonic sag is poorly understood due to the controversy in stratigraphic division. Based on investigations of two outcrop sections and three drilling wells,this paper conducted a systematic lithol and carbon isotopic δ13C stratigraphic division and correlation of the Dengying Formation,and divided it into six isochronous lithologic units with three positive(DP1,DP2,DP3)and three negative(DN1,DN2,DN3)carbon isotopic excursions: (1)The Member 1 of Dengying Formation is marked by dolomudstone;(2)the lower submember of Member 2 of Dengying Formation consists of various microbial dolomite with grape-like structures,showing DP1 in its lower part,and DN1 in its middle part,which passes upward into DP2 gradually;(3)the upper submember of Member 2 of Dengying Formation is marked by dolomudstone and minor microbial dolomite,locally with mixed carbonate and siliciclastic sedimentation,showing DP2 in its lower part and DN2 in its middle-upper part;(4)the Member 3 of Dengying Formation is typical of mixed carbonate and siliciclastic sedimentation,locally solely with siliciclastic rocks,containing characteristic tubular fossils;(5)the lower submember of Member 4 of Dengying Formation is composed of thick dolomudstone with δ13C around 1‰in the lower part and positively shifting into DP3 upward;(6)the upper submember of Member 4 of Dengying Formation consists mainly of microbial dolomite,exhibiting DP3 in the base with a negative shift trend towards the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary as DN3. The unconformities above the upper submember of Member 2 of Dengying Formation and Member 4 of Dengying Formation can be correlated with the glaciations during 547 Ma and Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary,respectively. The missing of the strata above the lower submember of Member 2 of Dengying Formation of varying degree is identified in the Wells Pengtan 1 and Pengshen 3 in the Mianyang-Changning intracratonic sag. The strata missing of the Dengying Formation in the Mianyang-Changning intracratonic sag up to 600 m(to the basal Lower submember of Member 2 of Dengying Formation), and the largest thickness of the overlying Maidiping Formation and the most complete strata there,collectively suggest that the majority of Mianyang-Changning intracratonic sag of the Dengying Formation formed after the deposition of the basal lower submember of Member 2 of Dengying Formation and before the deposition of the Maidiping Formation.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1347-1363 [Abstract] ( 736 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 8231KB] ( 302 )
1364 SUI Shaoqiang, YANG Zhibo, ZHAO Yajing, JIA Yanyu, SU Yuchi, WANG Xi, GAO Fei, JI Hancheng, BAO Zhidong
Evolution and main controlling factors of the Ordovician karst thermal reservoir in western Shandong-eastern Henan area
There are abundant geothermal resources in Ordovician carbonate rocks in the Western Shandong-Eastern Henan Area,but the characteristics and main controlling factors of thermal storage are still unclear. In this paper,geological and geophysical data from outcrops,cores,thin sections,and wells are integrated to investigate the characteristics of the karst thermal reservoirs,evolution processes,and formation of geothermal fields in Ordovician carbonate rocks. The results show that the main reservoir lithologies of the Ordovician in the study area are grainstone,carbonate breccia,calcareous dolostone,crystalline dolostone and siliceous limestone. The residual thickness of the uplifted area is about 500~1000 m,and the average porosity is 2.76%,whereas the residual thickness of the depression area is about 0~500 m,and the average porosity is 2.22%. Compared with the depression area,the residual thickness of the uplifted area is relatively large,and the pore penetration is relatively large;the influence of the Lanlao fracture is obvious,and the “uplift-depression”is distributed in a ring-like pattern. The karst thermal reservoirs experienced a comprehensive transformation by cementation,dolomitization,compaction,compressional solution,dissolution,filling,recrystallization,and tectonic rupture. The karst thermal reservoirs mainly underwent augmentation during the early orogenic period(early-middle Ordovician),during the epigenetic period(late Ordovician-early Carboniferous),during the middle-late burial period(late Carboniferous-early Triassic),and during the epigenetic period(middle Cenozoic,mainly developed in the Heze uplift). The lithology,diagenesis and tectonic stresses controlled the formation and evolution of the Ordovician karst thermal reservoirs in the study area. Analysis of the geothermal source-storage-cover base conditions has clarified the fluid circulation characteristics and geothermal resource prediction of the Ordovician karst thermal reservoirs in the study area.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1364-1378 [Abstract] ( 724 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 31244KB] ( 196 )
1379 CHEN Haiying, ZHANG Liqiang
Study on the development of high-quality reservoirs of deep clastic rock based on diagenetic facies: taking the Kepingtage Formation in Shun 9 well area of Tarim Basin as an example
In order to understand the influence of diagenetic facies on the development of high-quality reservoirs of deep clastic rock,this paper takes the reservoir of the Silurian Kepingtage Formation in the Shun 9 well area of Shuntuogole region in Tarim Basin as an example for study. The reservoir petrology and diagenetic characteristics were analyzed by using core observation,thin section identification,scanning electron microscope,cathodoluminescence and other data. The diagenetic facies types were classified,and differential diagenesis and control factors of high-quality reservoir development were clarified. The results show that the reservoir of the Kepingtage Formation is dominated by lithic sandstone,feldspar lithic sandstone and lithic quartz sandstone,and the diagenesis is dominated by compaction,carbonate cementation and dissolution. Diagenetic facies can be divided into four types according to diagenesis and diagenetic minerals. Different diagenetic facies have undergone different evolution processes. The unstable-components dissolution facies retains a certain amount of intergranular pores after porosity reduction by compaction and cementation,and its physical properties are significantly improved after dissolution transformation. The carbonate cemented facies and rich-rigid-grains compacted facies reduce porosity and density under the influence of compression and cementation,resulting in relatively difficult dissolution and finally forming tight reservoirs. The compaction of the rich-plastic-grains compacted facies is most intense. During the whole deposition process,continuous compaction leads to final compaction. The distribution of different diagenetic facies is generally controlled by sedimentary facies. The unstable-components dissolution facies sand body developed in the tidal flat,tidal channel and delta distributary channel comprises the high-quality reservoir of the Kepingtage Formation. This distribution pattern will provide guidance for finding deep effective reservoirs.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1379-1393 [Abstract] ( 703 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 7243KB] ( 189 )
1394 ZHAO Jianlong, ZHANG Yuanfu, YUAN Xiaodong, HUO Yancui, GE Pengcheng, CAI Xiyao
Effects of deep source materials on palaeoenvironment and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Cretaceous Xiguayuan Formation,Luanping Basin
The deep source material mainly enters the sedimentary rock through volcanic activity or hydrothermal activity. The lower member of Xiguayuan Formation in Luanping Basin is a set of fine-grained sedimentary rocks affected by deep source material,so thin section observation and geochemical analysis were carried out to study the influence of deep source material on the environment and hydrocarbon accumulation in the study area. The results show that the deep source material in the lower member of Xiguayuan Formation mainly entered the sedimentary rocks through underwater volcanic eruptions and hydrothermal jet activities. Through the variation law of environmental indicators(Th/U,V/Cr,V/(V+Ni),CIW,Sr/Cu,etc.),it is found that hydrothermal jet activities have frequent and severe short-term effects on the environment,while underwater volcanic eruptions have occasional,weak long-term effects on the environment. By comparing the organic-rich layer with the hydrothermal strength index((Fe+Mn)/Ti,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)),it is found that the organic-rich layer has high value of (Fe+Mn)/Ti,low value of Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)characteristics. According to the above studies,the participation of deep source materials has greatly improved the ancient productivity,and its eruption and jet flow mechanism has made the water body anoxic and stratified,providing good preservation conditions for organic matter.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1394-1406 [Abstract] ( 706 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 14573KB] ( 149 )
1407 NIU Yongbin, CHENG Mengyuan, CHENG Yigao, SHAO Weimeng, JING Chuhan
Reservoir modification effect of Ophiomorpha-Thalassinoides ichnofabric in the Neogene Sanya Formation in northern Qiongdongnan Basin
Bioturbation is well developed in the reservoir of the Neogene Sanya Formation in the northern Qiongdongnan Basin. Based on detailed observations of cores,quantitative characterization and connectivity analysis of the microscopic pores of reservoir rock samples with and without bioturbation were carried out using polarized light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and micro-CT. The reservoir modification effect reflected by the Ophiomorpha-Thalassinoides ichnofabric was studied in detail. The results show that the Ophiomorpha-Thalassinoides ichnofabric in the Neogene Sanya Formation is well developed in northern Qiongdongnan Basin. The burrows obviously modified the initial sedimentary structure of the reservoirs,and the primary sedimentary bedding was destroyed. The burrows are mainly filled with quartz,feldspar,chlorite and a small amount of clay minerals. Many intergranular pores and a small amount of intra-grain dissolution pores developed,while the mud content of the surrounding rocks is high,and the pores were poorly developed. Quantitative analysis shows that the morphological characteristics of the pores and pore throats are consistent. The pore volume,pore area, equivalent radius of pore and throat area all present left-skewed unimodal distribution,while the equivalent radius of throat and throat length show approximate bimodal distribution. The number of large pores and throats,effective porosity,permeability and average coordination number of samples with bioturbation are significantly greater than those of samples without bioturbation. This reveals that the Ophiomorpha-Thalassinoides ichnofabric enhances the reserve capacity and connectivity of microscopic pores in the Sanya Formation reservoir. This study is of great significance for analyzing the modification effect of bioturbation on oil and gas reservoirs,increasing reserve capcity, production and recovery of oil and gas in the study area.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1407-1420 [Abstract] ( 678 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 15116KB] ( 161 )
1421 DANG Zhiying, SHEN Yulin, YANG Tianyang, JIN Jun, ZHAO Yong
Response of biological and environmental catastrophe in the late Changhsingian in Shuicheng area,western Guizhou,China: evidence based on paleontology and geochemistry
The comprehensive application of microfossils and geochemistry plays an important role in the reconstruction of paleoenvironments. Abundant biological fossils,such as calcareous algae,foraminifers,brachiopods,gastropods,bivalves,crinoids,ostracods,and echinoids,were developed in the marine carbonates of the Late Permian Changhsingian in the Shuicheng area of western Guizhou,and calcareous algae and foraminifers are the most abundant species. In this paper,the distribution characteristics of fossils,whole-rock trace elements(Rb,Cu,Sr/Ba,V/(V+Ni),Ni/Co,V/Cr,Zr/Rb,(Zr+Rb)/Sr,and Rb/Sr)and trace element analysis of biogenic shells(Mg/Ca,Sr/Ca,B/Ca,Fe/Mn and 87Sr/86Sr)were studied. It was found that biological evolution was sensitive to paleoclimate variation. During the Hindeodus changxingensis-Clarkina zhejiangensis(ca. 251.9 Ma),there was a rapid variation in paleoclimate and marine organisms,and biotic groups declined sharply to disappear in a short time. Meanwhile,a series of variations occurred,including a dramatic increase in water salinity,sudden warming,and a shift from regression to a rapid transgression process. It was speculated that the interactions among salinity,temperature and rapid transgression-regression events led to climate change,which was the main reason for the extinction of marine life in the Late Permian.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1421-1436 [Abstract] ( 673 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 5802KB] ( 186 )
1437 YANG Shengkui
Interpretation and digitization of geographic information of the Yellow River ancient map: taking the Map of the Lower Yellow River in Shandong Province as an example
As important ancient literature,ancient maps contain rich geographical information,and the studies of mapping technology,elements and symbol expression are significant for the interpretation of the geographic information. Meanwhile,to achieve better protection and utilization of historical maps,digital work is an effective method The main features of the ancient Yellow River water conservancy thematic map are explored by studying the cartographic techniques,elements and symbols in the “Map of the Lower Yellow River in Shandong Province”. The digitization research of the Yellow River ancient map based on GIS mainly includes edging,georeferencing,geometric correction,database establishment and so on,which realizes the storage and management of historical spatial data and attribute data under a modern coordinate system. In the process of digitization,the principles and implementation methods of each process were explored,which has certain guidance and reference significance. It also enriches the connotation of ancient map digitization and the extension of GIS application,which can provide the foundation for multisource data fusion analysis.
2023 Vol. 25 (6): 1437-1451 [Abstract] ( 675 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 6981KB] ( 163 )
JOPC

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First notice of the 18th National Conference on Palaeogeography and Sedimentology
Together struggle for 20 years
The first 100 cited articles of 20th anniversary of founding of JOPC
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